Capoten (Captopril)

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Capoten

Captopril

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Capoten (Captopril) Dosage and Side Effects

CAPOTEN is used to treat high blood pressure.  The drug is also given to improve odds of survival after a heart attack, to help heart failure, and to treat kidney problems caused by diabetes.

Warnings and Precautions

Before taking CAPOTEN, tell your doctor if you have, or have ever had:

•Diabetes

•Heart disease

•Kidney disease

•Liver disease

•A connective tissue disease such as Marfan syndrome, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, or Sjögren's syndrome

•High levels of potassium in the blood

•Allergies to medicines (especially other ACE inhibitors)

Also, let your physician know if you have diabetes and take a medicine that contains aliskiren (such as Amturnide, Tekturna, Tekamlo, or Valturna).

Your healthcare provider will probably tell you not to take CAPOTEN.

Follow your doctor's dietary instructions carefully while taking this medicine.

Talk to your doctor before using any salt substitutes that contain potassium while taking CAPOTEN.

Drink plenty of water while taking CAPOTEN. Vomiting, diarrhea, or excessive sweating may cause you to become dehydrated during your treatment.

Tell your healthcare provider that you're taking CAPOTEN before having any type of surgery, including a dental procedure.

CAPOTEN may cause false results on certain laboratory tests. Tell all healthcare professionals who treat you that you're taking the drug.

CAPOTEN helps control high blood pressure, but it won't cure the condition.

Continue to take the drug even if you feel well. Don't stop taking CAPOTEN without first talking to your doctor.

Your doctor will want to perform frequent tests to check your body's response to CAPOTEN. Keep all appointments with your doctor and laboratory.

Pregnancy and CAPOTEN

CAPOTEN contains a black-box warning because it can harm an unborn baby.

Don't take CAPOTEN if you're pregnant. Tell your doctor right away if you become pregnant while taking CAPOTEN.

Be sure to use an effective form of birth control while taking this drug.

CAPOTEN can pass into breast milk. Talk to your doctor before breastfeeding while taking this drug.

Side Effects

Common Side Effects of CAPOTEN

Tell your doctor if any of the following side effects become severe or don't go away:

•Cough

•Lightheadedness

•Flushing

•Mild itching or skin rash

•Numbness, tingling, or burning sensation in your hands or feet

•Salty or metallic taste, or reduced ability to taste

•Tiredness

Serious Side Effects of CAPOTEN

Tell your doctor right away if you experience any of the following serious side effects:

•Chest pain

•Fast, slow, or pounding heartbeat

•Muscle weakness

•Stomach pain

•Hoarseness

•Fainting

•Rapid weight gain

•Mouth sores

•Little or no urination

•Prolonged diarrhea or vomiting

•Signs of an infection (may include fever, sore throat, or chills)

•Signs of an allergic reaction (may include hives, rash, itching, chest tightness, or swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat)

Interactions with this medication

Tell your doctor about all prescription, non-prescription, illegal, recreational, herbal, nutritional, or dietary drugs you're taking, especially those listed in the CAPOTEN Warnings section above, and any of the following:

•Aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), especially indomethacin (Indocin, Tivorbex)

•Diuretics (water pills)

•Eskalith or Lithobid (lithium)

•Nitrates such as Isordil and BiDil (isosorbide dinitrate), Monoket (isosorbide mononitrate), or Nitro-Dur and Nitrostat (nitroglycerin)

CAPOTEN and Alcohol

Alcohol can increase certain side effects of CAPOTEN.

Talk to your doctor before drinking alcohol while taking this medicine.

CAPOTEN and Other Interactions

CAPOTEN may make you dizzy.

Don't drive or perform activities that require alertness until you know how the drug affects you.

Proper Use of this medication

CAPOTEN comes as a tablet to take by mouth. It's typically taken two to three times a day.

Your dosage will be based on your medical condition and response to treatment.

Take CAPOTEN on an empty stomach. It's best to take it one hour before a meal.

Try to take this medicine around the same time each day.

Follow the instructions on your prescription label carefully. Don't take more or less CAPOTEN than is recommended.

CAPOTEN Overdose

Symptoms of a CAPOTEN overdose may include:

•Severe dizziness

•Fainting

•Fast heartbeat

If you suspect an overdose, contact a poison control center or emergency room immediately.

Missed Dose of CAPOTEN

If you miss a dose of CAPOTEN, take it as soon as you remember.

But skip the missed dose if it's almost time for your next scheduled dose.

Don't double up on doses to make up for a missed one.

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Sustiva (Efavirenz)

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Sustiva

Efavirenz

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Sustiva (Efavirenz) Dosage and Side Effects

Your doctor has prescribed SUSTIVA for you because you have been infected with HIV. SUSTIVA fights Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection by reducing the amount of virus in the blood (called “viral load”).

Warnings and Precautions

Before Taking SUSTIVA:

What should I tell my doctor before I start SUSTIVA?

  • Inform your doctor about any past or present medical problems, including liver disease, hepatitis, allergies, severe kidney failure, seizures or mental illness.
  • Inform your doctor if you have ever had a previous life-threatening skin reaction (e.g. Stevens-Johnson syndrome).
  • Inform your doctor about any medications (prescription and nonprescription), herbal products, vitamins, nutritional supplements that you are currently taking or are planning to take.
  • Also inform your doctor about any recreational (street, illicit) drugs that you are currently taking or are planning to take. The effect of combining recreational (street, illicit) drugs or alcohol with SUSTIVA has not been studied. Because they may interact with each other, speak with your doctor or other health care provider before you combine these drugs.

What should I consider concerning contraception, pregnancy, or breast-feeding?

  • Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant. Birth defects have been reported in the offsprings of animals and women treated with SUSTIVA during pregnancy. It is not known whether SUSTIVA caused these defects. Women should not become pregnant while taking SUSTIVA and for 12 weeks after stopping it. If you are pregnant, you should take SUSTIVA only if you and your doctor decide that the possible benefit to you is greater than the possible risk to your fetus. If you take SUSTIVAwhile you are pregnant, talk to your doctor about how you can be included in the antiretroviral pregnancy registry.
  • Tell your doctor if you are breastfeeding or planning to breastfeed. It is currently recommended that HIV-infected women should not breastfeed. Discuss this with your doctor.
  • A reliable form of barrier contraception must always be used even if you or your partner are using other methods of contraception such as the pill or other hormonal therapy (e.g., implants, injections). SUSTIVA may remain in your blood for a time after therapy is stopped. Therefore, you should continue use of a reliable form of contraception for 12 weeks after stopping treatment with SUSTIVA.

Can children take SUSTIVA?

  • SUSTIVA has not been studied in children below 3 years of age.
  • SUSTIVA can be taken by children 3 years or older and who are able to swallow capsules. Your child's doctor will determine the right dose based on your child's weight.

Do not drive or operate machinery until you have determined your response to SUSTIVA, as this may make you sleepy or dizzy.

Side Effects

  • SUSTIVA, like all medications, affects different people in different ways. Any medication may have unintended or unwanted effects, so-called side effects. Some people may develop side effects, others may not.
  • The most notable side effects of SUSTIVA are rash and nervous system symptoms that include dizziness, insomnia (difficulty falling asleep), drowsiness, reduced ability to concentrate, and abnormal dreaming. These side effects are generally mild to moderate and tend to disappear after you have taken SUSTIVA for a few weeks. Decreasing the dose does not seem to help and is not recommended.
  • Some of these side effects such as dizziness will likely be less noticeable if you take SUSTIVA before going to bed. Be sure to tell your doctor if any of these side effects continue or if they bother you.
  • A small number of patients have had severe depression, strange thoughts, or angry behavior. Some patients have had thoughts of suicide and a few patients have actually committed suicide. These problems tend to occur more often in patients with a history of mental illness. You should contact your doctor immediately if you think you are having these symptoms, so your doctor can decide whether you should continue to take SUSTIVA.
  • Dizziness, trouble concentrating, and drowsiness have been reported with SUSTIVA. If you notice any of these symptoms you should avoid potentially hazardous tasks such as driving or operating machinery.
  • You should consult your doctor if you have a rash since some rashes may be serious. However, most cases of rash disappear without any change in your treatment.
  • Rash seems to be more common in children than in adults treated with SUSTIVA.
  • Changes in body fat have been seen in some patients taking antiretroviral therapy. These changes may include increased amount of fat in the upper back and neck (“buffalo hump”), breast, and around the trunk. Loss of fat from the legs, arms, and face may also happen. The cause and long-term health effects of these conditions are not known at this time.
  • Some patients taking SUSTIVA have experienced serious liver problems including liver failure resulting in transplantation or death. Most of these serious side effects occurred in patients with a chronic liver disease such as a hepatitis infection, but there have also been a few reports in patients without any existing liver disease.
  • Changes in your immune system (Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome) can happen when you start taking HIV medicines. Your immune system may get stronger and begin to fight infections that have been hidden in your body for a long time, or you could develop an autoimmune disease in which your immune system reacts against your own body (e.g. Graves' disease (which affects the thyroid gland), Guillain-Barré syndrome (which affects the nervous system) or polymyositis (which affects the muscles) and it may develop at any time, sometimes months later after the start of HIV therapy). Sometimes symptoms can be severe, so if you develop high temperature (fever), joint or muscle pain, redness, rash, swelling, or fatigue or any new symptoms contact your doctor straight away.

Other side effects:

  • Other common side effects that have been reported include tiredness, nausea, diarrhea and headache. These may be from SUSTIVA or from other medications that you are taking.
  • Tell your doctor or other health care provider if you notice these or any other side effects not mentioned in the pamphlet that continue or if they bother you.

Remember do not stop taking SUSTIVA without speaking to your doctor first. He or she may be able to help you manage these side effects without stopping your anti-HIV medications.

Interactions with this medication

Drugs that may interact with SUSTIVA:

SUSTIVA may affect the dosing of other medications including ones for treating HIV infection. For this reason it is very important to:

  • Let all health care providers know that you are taking SUSTIVA.
  • Inform your doctor and pharmacist about all medications that you are currently taking including those obtained over-the-counter without a prescription and complementary medications (vitamins, nutritional supplements, etc.) and herbal products, particularly St. John's wort.
  • Consult your doctor or pharmacist before you start any new medication.
  • Consult your doctor or pharmacist before you stop any medications that you are currently taking.

Bring all your medications when you see your doctor. Or make a list of their names, how much you take, and how often you take them. This will give your doctor a complete picture of the medications you are taking. Then he or she can decide the best approach for your situation.

You must not take the following medications if you are taking SUSTIVA. Taking these medications with SUSTIVA could create the potential for serious and/or life-threatening side effects:

CISAPRIDE

MIDAZOLAM

TRIAZOLAM (e.g, HALCION)

ERGOT MEDICATIONS (e.g, CAFERGOT)

PIMOZIDE (e.g, ORAP)

  1. JOHN’S WORT (Hypericum perforatum): You must not take products containing St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum) with SUSTIVA as this may stop SUSTIVA from working properly and may lead to resistance to SUSTIVA or resistance to the class of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs).

The following drugs may interact with SUSTIVA and your doctor will determine whether they can be used or not or may make dosage changes for SUSTIVA or the other product, or substitute other products, as indicated below:

  • SUSTIVA may be taken with many of the medications commonly used in people with HIV infection. These include the protease inhibitors, such as nelfinavir (Viracept) and indinavir (Crixivan), and nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs).
  • Use of SUSTIVA with saquinavir (Invirase) is not recommended if you are taking saquinavir as your only protease inhibitor.
  • VORICONAZOLE (VFEND) should not be taken at standard doses with SUSTIVA since it may lose its effect or increase the chance of side effects from SUSTIVA. Some doses of voriconazole can be taken at the same time as a lower dose of SUSTIVA, but your doctor will decide if this is appropriate.
  • Tegretol (carbamazepine), Sporanox (itraconazole), Posanol (posaconazole) and REYATAZ (atazanavir sulfate), if this is not the first time you are receiving treatment for your HIV infection, may need to be replaced with another medicine when taken with SUSTIVA.
  • SUSTIVA reduces the blood levels of clarithromycin (Biaxin) and is associated with a higher incidence of rash; your doctor may consider giving you an alternative antibiotic.
  • If you are taking SUSTIVA and REYATAZ (atazanavir sulfate), you should also be taking Norvir (ritonavir).
  • SUSTIVA reduces exposure of Galexos (simeprevir) and coadministration is not recommended; your doctor should consider alternatives.
  • Antimalarials such as atovaquone/proguanil, when taken with SUSTIVA, may reduce the amount of atovaquone/proguanil in your blood which may reduce the antimalarial activity of these medicines. Atovaquone/proguanil should not be taken with SUSTIVA; your doctor should consider alternatives to these antimalarial medicines.

The following medicine should not be taken with SUSTIVA since it contains efavirenz, the active ingredient in SUSTIVA:

  • ATRIPLA (efavirenz, emtricitabine, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate) unless your doctor decides a dose adjustment is needed (e.g., with rifampin).
  • Your doctor may need to adjust the dose of either SUSTIVA or the following medications when taken with SUSTIVA:
    • Crixivan (indinavir)
    • Methadone
    • Zoloft (sertraline)
    • Wellbutrin SR, Wellbutrin XL, or Zyban (bupropion)
    • Kaletra (lopinavir/ritonavir): Lopinavir and ritonavir combination should not be taken once daily with SUSTIVA. Your doctor may suggest an alternate dosing regimen.
    • Celsentri (maraviroc)
    • Mycobutin (rifabutin)
    • The cholesterol-lowering medicines Lipitor (atorvastatin), Pravachol (pravastatin), and Zocor (simvastatin)
    • Rifadin (rifampin) or the rifampin-containing medicines Rofact and Rifater
    • Calcium channel blockers such as Cardizem or Tiazac (diltiazem), Covera HS, Isoptin SR or Tarka (verapamil), and others
    • Immunosuppressants such as Neoral (cyclosporin), Advagraf or Prograf (tacrolimus), Rapamune or Torisel (sirolimus)
    • Hepatitis C antiviral agents such as Victrelis (boceprevir) and Incivek (telaprevir)
    • Antimalarials such as Coartem and Riamet (artemether/lumefantrine)
  • The effect of combining alcohol or recreational (street, illicit) drugs with SUSTIVA has not been studied. Because they may interact with each other, speak with your doctor or other health care provider before you combine these drugs.

Proper Use of this medication

Usual dose:

  • The dose of SUSTIVA for adults and children weighing more than 40 kg (88 lbs) is 600 mg once-a-day (three 200 mg capsules taken together OR one 600 mg tablet).
  • The dose for children weighing 40 kg or less is determined by the weight of the child and is taken once daily. SUSTIVA capsules should only be administered to children if they have the ability to reliably swallow capsules.
  • You should take SUSTIVA on an empty stomach, preferably at bedtime. Taking SUSTIVA with food increases the level of efavirenz in the blood and may increase the possibility of side effects.
  • Your doctor or pharmacist will give you instructions for proper dosage.

What should I remember to do or avoid while taking SUSTIVA?

  • Swallow SUSTIVA with water.
  • Do not chew the capsules or tablets.
  • Taking SUSTIVA at bedtime may improve the tolerability of the nervous system side effects.
  • It is important to take SUSTIVA as your doctor prescribes. Do not change the dose on your own.
  • SUSTIVA should not be used alone to treat HIV. SUSTIVA should always be taken with other anti-HIV medications in order to prevent the virus from becoming resistant to your drug treatment.
  • You should not stop taking SUSTIVA without first consulting with your doctor.
  • If you are unsure of what to do or need help in planning the best times to take your medications, ask your doctor or other health care provider.
  • If you think it would be useful, ask a friend or family member to remind you to take your medications.
  • When your SUSTIVA supply starts to run low, get more from your doctor or pharmacist. This is very important because the amount of virus may start to increase if SUSTIVA is stopped for even a short time. The virus may then become harder to treat.
  • Remember, SUSTIVA has been prescribed just for you. Never give your medications to others to try.
  • Do not use your current supply of SUSTIVA after the end of the month and year shown by the “expiry date” on the bottle.

Overdose:

In case of drug overdosage, contact a healthcare practitioner (e.g. doctor) hospital emergency department or regional poison control centre, even if there are no symptoms.

Missed dose:

  • If you forget to take SUSTIVA, do not double your next dose. Take the missed dose as soon as possible, and then carry on with your regular dosing schedule.
  • Try not to miss a dose. With anti-HIV medications, missing doses or not taking them properly may allow the amount of HIV in your body to increase. HIV may then become resistant. This means that the virus changes or mutates causing a medication to lose its effect.

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Niaspan (Niacin)

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Niaspan

Niacin (Nicotinic Acid)

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Niaspan (Niacin) Dosage and Side Effects

NIASPAN FCT (extended-release niacin) is used to improve blood cholesterol levels when the response to an appropriate diet and exercise has been inadequate.

Proper Use of this medication

Usual dose:

Dosage should be individualized according to patient's response under direction of a doctor and should be taken at bedtime.

Usual Adult Starting Dose: 500 mg daily for the first 4 weeks.

Dosage Increase: Increase to 1000 mg daily for next 4 weeks (weeks 5-8).

Dosage Increase (if necessary): Increase to 1500 mg (1×500 mg plus 1×1000 mg or 3×500 mg) daily for next 4 weeks (weeks 9-12).

Dosage Increase (if necessary): Increase to 2000 mg daily (week 16).

Daily dose should not be increased more than 500 mg in a 4-week period. Doses above 2000 mg daily are not recommended.

Maintenance Dose: 1000-2000 mg per day for long-term benefits.

Important Note: Two 750 mg tablet strengths of NIASPAN FCT (extended-release niacin) are not interchangeable with three 500 mg tablets or one 500 mg tablet plus one 1000 mg tablet. Your doctor will specify the tablet strengths that you should use.

Do not substitute an equivalent dose of another niacin (nicotinic acid) product for your NIASPAN FCT .

NIASPAN FCT tablets are designed to be taken whole with a glass of water. Do not break, crush, or chew them.

This medication is prescribed for the particular condition you have. Do not give this medication to other people nor use it for any other condition.

Other Helpful Hints:

  • Always take NIASPAN FCT in one dose at bedtime.

  • To minimize the risk of stomach upset, take NIASPAN FCT with a low-fat snack.

  • Avoid spicy foods and hot or alcoholic beverages around the time of taking NIASPAN FCT.

  • If the side effect flushing is bothersome discuss it with your doctor, and your doctor may recommend that you take acetylsalicylic acid, if this is appropriate for you up to 30 minutes before takingNIASPAN FCT.

  • Be sure to tell your doctor about any vitamins or other nutritional supplements containing niacin (nicotinic acid, niacinamide, nicotinamide) you are currently taking.

Overdose:

In case of accidental overdose, call your doctor right away or go to the nearest emergency room/clinic or call your poison control centre.

Missed dose:

You should take NIASPAN FCT only once per day in the evening or at bedtime after a low-fat snack as prescribed. If you miss a dose, take your usual NIASPAN FCT dose the next evening; do not make up for missed doses by taking extra tablets.

If you stop taking NIASPAN FCT for a week or more, contact your doctor for instructions.

Side Effects

What is flushing?

  • Niacin sometimes causes redness, warmth, itching, and/or a tingling sensation on the face, neck, chest and back. This is a natural reaction signalling that niacin is in the bloodstream.

  • Most patients on NIASPAN FCT (extended-release niacin) will experience this sensation, usually at the start of therapy or when the dosing is increased. For most patients, the flushing occurs over the first 8 weeks of therapy and will become milder and less frequent as your body adjusts to NIASPAN FCT.

  • If flushing occurs, it usually does so within 2 to 4 hours after taking NIASPAN FCT and may last for a few hours.

  • In some patients, flushing may be more intense. Additional symptoms, such as rapid or pronounced heartbeat or dizziness, shortness of breath, sweating, chills, and/or swelling may occur; on rare occasions, fainting may occur.

  • If the flushing wakes you up and you wish to get out of bed, take your time and get up slowly—especially if you start to feel faint or dizzy, or if you take blood pressure medication.

Other important reactions to be aware of:

  • If you are diabetic, inform your doctor if you notice any changes in your blood sugar.

  • If you are taking another cholesterol lowering drug, you should inform your doctor if you experience any signs of muscle pain or weakness, as this may be a sign of a rare but serious adverse drug reaction.

Other than flushing, the side effects most often seen are stomach upset and diarrhea; rash and itching are occasionally observed.

Warnings and Precautions

Serious Warnings and Precautions

  • If you were previously taking another niacin (nicotinic acid) tablet, do not start NIASPAN FCT (extended-release niacin) at the same dose. You must start with a lower dose of NIASPAN FCT and gradually move up to a higher dose as directed by your doctor.

  • Never substitute another niacin (nicotinic acid) product for your NIASPAN FCT; improper substitution can cause severe liver disorders.

BEFORE you use NIASPAN FCT talk to your doctor or pharmacist if:

  • you have significant or unexplained liver or kidney problems, active stomach ulcer, bleeding, diabetes, unstable angina, heart problems, or if you are at risk for low levels of phosphorus in your blood.

  • you have a past history of jaundice (yellow skin), liver problems, stomach ulcer, or gout.

  • you are pregnant or nursing.

  • you are undergoing surgery.

  • you are allergic to niacin or any component of this medication.

Interactions with this medication

Drugs that may interact with NIASPAN FCT (extended-release niacin) include: statins (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors-drugs which reduce serum cholesterol), vasoactive drugs (drugs which affect blood vessels e.g., some blood pressure medications, nitrates), acetylsalicylic acid, bile-acid sequestrants (drugs which prevent cholesterol reabsorption), anticoagulant drugs (drugs which prevent blood clotting), alcohol, hot drinks, vitamins or other nutritional supplements containing large doses of niacin (>100 mg) or related compounds such as nicotinamide.

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Norflex (Orphenadrine)

Author , posted on June 27, 2017

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Norflex

Orphenadrine Citrate

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Norflex (Orphenadrine) Dosage and Side Effects

NORFLEX is a muscle relaxant.

Proper Use of this medication

Take this medication exactly as it was prescribed for you. Do not take the medication in larger amounts, or take it for longer than recommended by your doctor. Follow the directions on your prescription label.

Take this medicine with a full glass of water.

Do not crush, chew, or break the extended-release tablet. Swallow the pill whole. Breaking or crushing the pill may cause too much of the drug to be released at one time.

NORFLEX is only part of a complete program of treatment that may also include rest, physical therapy, or other pain relief measures. Follow your doctor's instructions.

NORFLEX may be habit-forming and should be used only by the person it was prescribed for. NORFLEX should never be given to another person, especially someone who has a history of drug abuse or addiction. Keep the medication in a secure place where others cannot get to it.

Store NORFLEX at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light.

Seek emergency medical attention if you think you have used too much of this medicine. An overdose of NORFLEX can be fatal.

Overdose symptoms may include blurred vision, fast heart rate, confusion, weak or shallow breathing, cold or clammy skin, feeling like you might pass out, or seizure (convulsions).

Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the medicine at the next regularly scheduled time. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.

Side Effects

Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.

Stop using NORFLEX and call your doctor at once if you have any of these serious side effects:

  • fast, pounding, or uneven heartbeats;
  • confusion, anxiety, agitation, tremors, hallucinations;
  • seizure (convulsions); or
  • urinating less than usual or not at all.

Less serious side effects may include:

  • dry mouth or throat;
  • blurred vision, dilated pupils;
  • headache;
  • drowsiness, dizziness;
  • nausea, vomiting, constipation; or
  • weakness.

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Tell your doctor about any unusual or bothersome side effect.

Warnings and Precautions

Do not crush, chew, or break the extended-release tablet. Swallow the pill whole. Breaking or crushing the pill may cause too much of the drug to be released at one time.

NORFLEX may be habit-forming and should be used only by the person it was prescribed for. NORFLEX should never be given to another person, especially someone who has a history of drug abuse or addiction. Keep the medication in a secure place where others cannot get to it.

NORFLEX can cause side effects that may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be awake and alert.

Avoid drinking alcohol, which can increase some of the side effects of NORFLEX.

Do not take this medication if you are allergic to NORFLEX, or if you have:

  • problems with urination;
  • enlarged prostate;
  • glaucoma;
  • a blockage in your stomach or intestines;
  • trouble swallowing; or
  • myasthenia gravis.

Before taking NORFLEX, tell your doctor if you are allergic to any drugs, or if you have:

  • heart disease;
  • a heart rhythm disorder; or
  • coronary artery disease.

If you have any of these conditions, you may need a dose adjustment or special tests to safely take NORFLEX.

This medication may be harmful to an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant during treatment.

It is not known whether NORFLEX passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. Do not use this medication without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.

Interactions with this medication

NORFLEX can cause side effects that may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be awake and alert.

Avoid drinking alcohol, which can increase some of the side effects of NORFLEX.

Cold or allergy medicine, narcotic pain medicine, sleeping pills, and medicine for seizures, depression or anxiety can add to sleepiness caused by NORFLEX. Tell your doctor if you regularly use any of these medicines, or any other muscle relaxer.

Before taking NORFLEX, tell your doctor if you are taking any of the following medicines:

  • atropine (Donnatal, and others), benztropine (Cogentin), dimenhydrinate (Dramamine), methscopolamine (Pamine), or scopolamine (Transderm-Scop);
  • bronchodilators such as ipratroprium (Atrovent) or tiotropium (Spiriva);
  • glycopyrrolate (Robinul);
  • mepenzolate (Cantil);
  • bladder or urinary medications such as darifenacin (Enablex), flavoxate (Urispas), oxybutynin (Ditropan, Oxytrol), tolterodine (Detrol), or solifenacin (Vesicare); or
  • irritable bowel medications such as dicyclomine (Bentyl), hyoscyamine (Anaspaz, Cystospaz, Levsin, and others), or propantheline (Pro-Banthine).

This list is not complete and there may be other drugs that can interact with NORFLEX. Tell your doctor about all your prescription and over-the-counter medications, vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor.

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Nimotop (Nimodipine)

Author , posted on June 27, 2017

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Nimodipine (Generic)

Nimodipine

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Nimotop (Nimodipine) Dosage and Side Effects

NIMOTOP is a calcium channel blocker. NIMOTOP relaxes (widens) blood vessels and improves blood flow.

NIMOTOP is used to prevent brain damage caused by reduced blood flow to the brain resulting from aneurysm (AN-yor-iz-m), a dilated or ruptured blood vessel in the brain.

Warnings and Precautions

Some medicines can interact with NIMOTOP and should not be used at the same time. Tell your doctor about all your medications and any you start or stop using during treatment with NIMOTOP.

NIMOTOP can lower your blood pressure. Call your doctor at once if you feel like you might pass out.

The liquid from a NIMOTOP capsule should never be injected through a needle into the body, or dangerously low blood pressure may result. NIMOTOP gel capsules are to be taken by mouth only.

You should not use NIMOTOP if you are allergic to it.

Some medicines can interact with NIMOTOP and should not be used at the same time. Your doctor may need to change your treatment plan if you use any of the following drugs:

  • conivaptan;
  • imatinib;
  • nefazodone;
  • an antibiotic--clarithromycin, telithromycin;
  • antifungal medication--itraconazole, ketoconazole, posaconazole, voriconazole;
  • heart medication--nicardipine, quinidine;
  • hepatitis C medications--boceprevir, telaprevir; or
  • HIV/AIDS medication--atazanavir, cobicistat, delavirdine, fosamprenavir, indinavir, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir.

To make sure NIMOTOP is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have:

  • cirrhosis or other liver disease;
  • heart disease; or
  • high or low blood pressure.

FDA pregnancy category C. It is not known whether NIMOTOP will harm an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant while using this medication.

It is not known whether NIMOTOP passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. You should not breast-feed while using this medicine.

Side Effects

Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.

Call your doctor at once if you have:

  • a light-headed feeling, like you might pass out;
  • easy bruising or bleeding;
  • fast or slow heart rate; or
  • swelling in your ankles or feet.

Common side effects may include:

  • nausea, diarrhea, upset stomach;
  • headache; or
  • mild rash.

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects.

Interactions with this medication

Grapefruit and grapefruit juice may interact with NIMOTOP and lead to potentially dangerous effects. Avoid the use of grapefruit products while taking NIMOTOP.

Drinking alcohol can increase certain side effects of NIMOTOP.

Many drugs can interact with NIMOTOP. Not all possible interactions are listed here. Tell your doctor about all your medications and any you start or stop using during treatment with NIMOTOP, especially:

  • St. John's wort;
  • seizure medication--carbamazepine, fosphenytoin, phenobarbital, phenytoin, and others;
  • sildenafil (Viagra) and other erectile dysfunction medicines; or
  • tuberculosis medications.

This list is not complete and many other drugs can interact with NIMOTOP. This includes prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Give a list of all your medicines to any healthcare provider who treats you.

Proper Use of this medication

Follow all directions on your prescription label. Do not take this medicine in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended.

Take NIMOTOP on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal.

Take this medicine with a full glass of water. Swallow the capsule whole.

Measure liquid medicine with a special dose-measuring spoon or medicine cup. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one.

If the person taking NIMOTOP cannot swallow the capsule, the medicine from inside the capsule can be given through an in-place nasogastric tube (through the nose and into the stomach). Use a needle to make a hole in each end of the capsule, and squeeze the medicine out into an oral syringe or other syringe to which a needle cannot be attached. Empty the syringe into the nasogastric tube and wash it down with 30 milliliters of normal saline.

The medicine placed into a syringe should never be injected through a needle into the body, or dangerously low blood pressure may result. NIMOTOP gel capsules are to be taken by mouth only.

Your blood pressure will need to be checked often. Your liver function may also need to be tested.

You should not stop using NIMOTOP suddenly. Stopping suddenly may make your condition worse.

Store at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light. Do not freeze. Keep each capsule in the original package until you are ready to take one.

Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line.

Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.

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Nitoman (Tetrabenazine)

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Nitoman (tetrabenazine) Dosage and Side Effects

NITOMAN has been prescribed to you by your doctor to treat your symptoms of a movement disorder which causes jerky, irregular, uncontrollable movements, such as those seen in Huntington's chorea, hemiballismus, senile chorea, tic and Gille de la Tourette's syndrome, and tardive dyskinesia.

Warnings and Precautions

BEFORE you use NITOMAN tell your doctor or pharmacist if you:

  • have a current episode of depression or suicidal thoughts
  • are taking any prescription or over-the-counter medications, or are planning on taking any prescription or over-the-counter medications during your therapy
  • have liver problems
  • have heart disease including irregular heart beat
  • have or have had breast cancer
  • have or have had pituitary tumours
  • have Parkinson's disease
  • drink alcohol. It is best not to drink alcohol while taking NITOMAN
  • are pregnant, or thinking about becoming pregnant, or are breastfeeding

Depression:

NITOMAN may cause depression in some patients. You and people close to you should watch for symptoms of depression (see table Serious Side Effects, How Often They Happen and What to Do About Them below) and report to your doctor immediately should they occur.

Driving vehicles or using machinery:

NITOMAN may cause drowsiness and low blood pressure. Driving, operating machinery, or performing other hazardous tasks should be avoided until the effect of NITOMAN is known.

Trouble swallowing:

NITOMAN may increase the chance that you will have trouble swallowing. Contact your doctor if this happens.

Irregular heartbeat:

NITOMAN may cause changes in the electrical currents in your heart. Although these changes may be small, it may increase the risk of arrhythmias (irregular heart beats), especially if used in combination with other drugs that have the same effect, or if you already have certain heart conditions. If you feel a change in your heart beat, if you feel dizzy or faint, you should seek immediate medical attention.

Side Effects

Like all medications, NITOMAN may cause some side effects. You may not experience any of them. However, some may be serious. Some of these side effects may be dose related. Consult your doctor if you experience these or other side effects, as the dose of NITOMAN may have to be adjusted.

The most common side effects of NITOMAN are:

  • Signs and symptoms of Parkinsonism, such as tremors, difficulty starting or controlling movement, body stiffness, decrease in facial expressions, difficulty keeping your balance, speech problems, etc.
  • Drowsiness, fatigue, weakness
  • Depression
  • Anxiety, nervousness
  • Insomnia
  • Restlessness, unable to sit or stand still
  • Drooling
  • Irritability, agitation
  • Nausea, vomiting, stomach pain
  • Confusion, disorientation
  • Low blood pressure
  • Dizziness

Interactions with this medication

You should tell your doctor if you are taking or have recently taken any medications (prescription, non-prescription or natural herbal) especially:

  • monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor antidepressants (e.g. phenelzine sulphate, moclobemide)
  • antidepressants such as fluoxetine, paroxetine, quinidine, duloxetine, sertraline
  • antipsychotics such as thioridazine, chlorpromazine
  • medicines for Parkinson's Disease such as levodopa, amantadine or orphenadrine
  • neuroleptic drugs such as haloperidol, chlorpromazine, metoclopramide
  • reserpine

You should consult your doctor before you start any new medicines or before you stop or change doses of any other medicine you are taking while taking NITOMAN.

Proper Use of this medication

Usual dose:

How to take NITOMAN:

Adults:

Take NITOMAN exactly as prescribed by your doctor.

  • An initial starting dose of 12.5 mg two to three times a day is recommended. To obtain a 12.5 mg dose, the scored 25 mg tablet must be split with a pill cutter.
  • This can be increased by 12.5 mg a day weekly until the maximal tolerated and effective dose is reached.
  • In most cases the maximal tolerated dose will be 25 mg three times a day. In some cases higher doses may be prescribed.
  • You should talk to your doctor before you stop taking your medication on your own. If you miss a dose and it is time or almost time for your next dose, take only the next scheduled dose and do not take 2 doses at once. If you miss several days contact your doctor as you may have to start with lower doses.

Elderly and Debilitated Patients:

  • Reduced initial and maintenance doses should be used. Your doctor will choose the appropriate dose.

Chlidren:

  • Your doctor will decide the best dose.

Remember: This medicine has been prescribed only for you. Do not give it to anybody else, as they may experience undesirable effects, which may be serious.

Overdose:

The signs and symptoms of overdose may include drowsiness, sweating, low blood pressure, and feeling cold.

In case of drug overdose, contact a health care practitioner, hospital emergency department or regional Poison Control Centre immediately, even if there are no symptoms.

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Canesten Cream (Clotrimazole)

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Canesten Cream 1% (Clotrimazole) Dosage and Side Effects

CANESTEN is used to treat various skin infections caused by fungus or yeast.  CANESTEN can be used to treat tinea pedis (athlete's foot), tinea cruris (jock itch), tinea corporis (ringworm), candidiasis (various yeast infections of the skin and mucous membranes), infected diaper rash, and tinea versicolor (patches of skin that are a different colour than the rest of the skin).

Warnings and Precautions

Do not use CANESTEN if you are pregnant, think you are, or are nursing, without first consulting your physician.

Do not use CANESTEN if you are allergic to clotrimazole or to any non-medicinal ingredients in the formulation or component of CANESTEN 1% Topical Cream.

If you experience a rash or new irritation while using CANESTEN, discontinue use and contact your physician.

CANESTEN 1% Topical Cream are not suitable for treating fungal infections of the nail or scalp.

CANESTEN may reduce the effectiveness of some birth control methods such as condoms, diaphragms or vaginal spermicides. This effect is temporary and occurs only during treatment.

For the treatment of diaper rash (yeast infected), use only if your child has a yeast-infected diaper rash diagnosed by a physician. If there is no improvement in the rash after 14 days of treatment with CANESTEN, consult your physician.

For adult treatment, consult your doctor if signs and symptoms of the infection have not resolved after 4 weeks.

Occlusive dressings should not be applied on top of CANESTEN 1% Topical Cream unless directed by a physician. It is noted that diapers would not be considered occlusive dressings because of frequent changes and airings, normal hygiene practices and the use of newer more breathable and absorbent diapers.

CANESTEN 1% Topical Cream is for topical use only.

If CANESTEN is accidentally swallowed, contact your local emergency room or Poison Control Centre immediately.

Keep CANESTEN and all other medications out of the reach of children.

Do not use on children under 2 years of age, unless recommended by a doctor.

Avoid contact with the eyes. If this happens, rinse thoroughly with water.

If you have any questions about CANESTEN or topical fungal infections, contact your physician or pharmacist.

Side Effects

Side effects which can occur include: stinging, burning, rash, itching, irritation, peeling skin, redness, swelling (edema) and allergic reaction with symptoms such as fainting, low blood pressure or hives.

Proper Use of this medication

CHILDREN (for the treatment of diaper rash secondarily infected with Candida albicans and diagnosed by a doctor):

Thinly apply and gently massage sufficient CANESTEN 1% Topical Cream into the affected and surrounding skin areas twice daily at diaper change (in the morning and evening).

ADULTS (for the treatment of jock itch, athlete’s foot and ringworm):

Thinly apply and gently massage sufficient CANESTEN 1% Topical Cream into the affected and surrounding skin areas twice daily, in the morning and evening. Do not cover the medication with a bandage unless advised to do so by your physician.

For the treatment to be completely successful, CANESTEN 1% Topical Cream should be applied regularly and in sufficient quantities. If you miss a dose, do not apply twice as much medication at the next dosing. "Athlete's foot" should be treated for 4 weeks, while "jock itch", "ringworm", "tinea versicolor", "candidiasis, and infected diaper rash usually require 2 weeks of treatment.

How can I help prevent "athlete's foot"?

Bathe your feet regularly with soap and water. Towel-dry your feet, paying special attention to the area between the toes. Let your feet air-dry for 5 to 10 minutes. Wear absorbent socks made of 100% cotton or wool and well-fitting shoes that allow air circulation. Change your socks and shoes frequently. Avoid walking in bare feet at health clubs, public pools and other wet areas.

How can I help prevent "diaper rash"?

Proper diaper hygiene is the most effective way to prevent diaper rash. Ensure that the baby’s diapers are frequently changed and properly and thoroughly cleaned. The diaper area should be cleansed often, using lukewarm water and gently patted dry or air dried before another diaper is put on. Do not use detergents or other laundry products that are not recommended for infant use. Avoid using soaps or commercial wipes that contain irritants if there is a rash present.

Overdose:

In case of drug overdose, especially accidental oral ingestion, contact a doctor, hospital emergency department or regional poison control centre, even if there are no symptoms

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Saphris (Asenapine)

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Saphris (Asenapine) Medication Information

Uses

Saphris is an atypical antipsychotic that is used to treat schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. 

Dosage

The tablets are available in several different strengths:

  • 2.5 mg
  • 5 mg
  • 10 mg

Side Effects

The most common side effects of Saphris include:

  • Nausea
  • Dizziness
  • Tremor
  • Parkinsonism
  • Akathisia
  • Somnolence

Speak with your doctor for a full list of side effects that apply to you if you are taking Saphris.

Precautions

Saphris can cause movement disorders that in some cases are not reversible. If you notice movements that are unvoluntary report them to your doctor right away.

Saphris, like other antipsychotics can cause an increase in blood sugar, which can lead to diabetes, or worsening of glucose control in those who have diabetes. 

In elderly patients with dementia, Saphris can cause cardiovascular events which can lead to death.

Interactions

The most common drug interaction with Saphris included:

  • Alcohol
  • Antihypertensive medications
  • Levodopa/carbidopa
  • Cimetidine
  • Clozapine
  • Fluoxetine
  • Paroxetine

Speak with your doctor for more information and before starting a new medication with Saphris. 

Storage

Store at room temperature (68-77ºF). 

Pharmacist Tips

  • Saphris can cause a drop in blood pressure with posture changes, especially when initiating treatment. 
  • Saphris can affect motor movement, if changes occur let your doctor know immediately. 
  • When taking Saphris, eating and drinking should be avoided for at least 10 minutes following taking the tablet. 

Asenapine FAQs

Does Saphris work immediately?

It can take up to 6 weeks to see the full effect of Saphris.

 

How does Saphris make you feel?

Some of the common side effects seen with Saphris include dizziness, drowsiness, numbness of the mouth, and weight.

 

What happens if you stop taking Saphris?

If you stop taking Saphris, you can experience withdrawal symptoms like nausea, vomiting, headache, dizziness, and fever. 

 

Can you take Saphris as needed?

No, Saphris can not be taken as needed. 

 

Does Saphris help you sleep?

One of the most common side effects with Saphris is drowsiness, so it can help you sleep.

 

Related Drugs

Reference:

Saphris {package insert}. Irvine, CA: Allergan USA, Inc.; 2017.

https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2017/022117s020s021lbl.pdf

PharmD Medical Writer

Author: Dr. Larisa Roybal, PharmD

Dr. Roybal is a board-certified pharmacotherapy specialist who has practiced in both ambulatory and acute care settings. Her pharmacy interests include oncology and general inpatient pharmacy.

Canasa Suppositories (Mesalamine)

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Canasa Suppositories (5-ASA) Dosage and Side Effects

CANASA suppositories are used in the management of ulcerative proctitis (inflamed rectum) and as adjunctive therapy in more extensive distal ulcerative colitis (inflammation of the lining of the large bowel and rectum).

CANASA is believed to work by interfering in the activity of certain mediators of inflammation (e.g., prostaglandins) which helps reduce the inflammation (swelling and pain) in the rectum and lower part of the large bowel.

Warnings and Precautions

BEFORE you use CANASA talk to your doctor or pharmacist if:

  • You have a pre-existing liver disease. There have been reports of hepatic failure and increased liver enzymes in patients treated with 5-ASA or mesalazine (= mesalamine) products
  • You have mild to moderate liver function impairment. Your doctor will decide if this product is right for you
  • You ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to mesalamine (5-ASA), sulfasalazine (SAS), or salicylates (Aspirin)
  • You have liver or kidney disease
  • You have bleeding or clotting disorders
  • Your doctor has said you have higher than normal blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels (renal function test)
  • You are pregnant or breastfeeding. Mesalamine is excreted in human breast milk. Discuss with your doctor.

WHILE using CANASA:

  • Discontinue use at first sign of rash or fever.

You may have your blood or urine tested regularly to monitor your kidney function since prolonged use of CANASA may damage your kidneys.

Interactions with this medication

Interaction between azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine and aminosalicylates (such as CANASA) has been reported.

Drug interactions with coumarin, methotrexate, probenecid, sulfinpyrazone, spironolactone, furosemide, rifampicin and Varicella Virus Vaccine (chicken pox vaccine) may be possible.

Possible interference with measurements, by liquid chromatography, of urinary normetanephrine causing a false-positive test result have been observed in patients exposed to sulfasalazine or its metabolite, mesalamine/mesalazine.

Proper Use of this medication

Usual adult dose:

One 500 mg CANASA suppository is self-administered on a twice a day or three times a day basis. One 1000 mg CANASA suppository is self-administered on a once daily basis, at bedtime. The usual adult dose is 1.0-1.5 g/day and dosing is continued until a significant response is achieved or until the patient achieves remission. Dose tapering is recommended. Abrupt discontinuation is not recommended. Best results are expected with prolonged retention.

The suppository should be retained in the rectum for one to three hours or longer, if possible, to achieve the maximum benefit.

How to use CANASA suppositories:

NOTE: CANASA suppositories will cause staining of direct contact surfaces, including but not limited to fabrics, flooring, painted surfaces, marble, granite, vinyl, and enamel.

Patient Instructions:

  • Detach one suppository from the strip of suppositories.
  • Hold suppository upright and carefully remove the plastic wrapper.
  • Avoid excessive handling of suppository, which is designed to melt at body temperature.
  • Insert suppository completely into rectum with gentle pressure, pointed end first.
  • A small amount of lubricating gel may be used on the tip of the suppository to assist insertion.

Overdose:

If you believe you have used too much, or in case of accidental oral ingestion, contact your doctor, hospital emergency department or regional Poison Control Centre immediately, even if there are no symptoms.

Missed dose:

If you miss a dose of CANASA, use it as soon as possible, unless it is almost time for the next dose. Do not use two CANASA suppositories at the same time to make up for a missed dose.

Side Effects

Rash, fever, and dizziness are common in patients allergic to sulfasalazine. Stop therapy at the first sign of a rash and contact your doctor.

Worsening of ulcerative colitis may occur and may include the following symptoms: abdominal or stomach cramps or pain (severe) and diarrhoea.

Other reported side effects reported with CANASA suppositories include abdominal cramps, abdominal pain or discomfort, anal itching, anorectal discomfort, bloating, constipation, cough, diarrhoea, dizziness, flatulence, fever, frequent bowel movements, hair loss, headache, itching, lower back pain, mucus in stools, nausea, pain, painful bowel movements, rash, rectal discharge, rectal pain, stools discoloured and vomiting.

For any unexpected effects while taking CANASA, contact your doctor or pharmacist.

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Emflaza (Deflazacort)

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Emflaza (Deflazacort) Dosage and Side Effects

EMFLAZA belongs to a group of medicines called corticosteroids. It is sometimes referred to simply as an oral steroid.

Corticosteroids like EMFLAZA are used to treat a wide variety of conditions. EMFLAZA works by interfering with the release of certain chemicals in your body which cause inflammation.

Warnings and Precautions

Some medicines are not suitable for people with certain conditions, and sometimes a medicine can only be used if extra care is taken. For these reasons, before you start taking EMFLAZA it is important that your doctor knows:

  • If you have high blood pressure.
  • If you have had a heart attack, or if you have any other heart problems.
  • If you have any problems with the way your liver works, or if you have any problems with the way your kidneys work.
  • If you (or a close family member) have either sugar diabetes or an eye condition called glaucoma.
  • If you have any of the following conditions: an underactive thyroid, 'thinning' of the bones (osteoporosis), epilepsy, a condition causing muscle weakness (called myasthenia gravis), a stomach ulcer, or a bowel disorder.
  • If you have ever had a mental health problem.
  • If you are pregnant or breast-feeding. (Oral steroids like EMFLAZA can be taken while you are expecting or breast-feeding; however, it is important that your doctor knows about the baby.)
  • If you have any kind of infection at the moment, or if you have ever had tuberculosis (TB).
  • If you have ever had an unwanted blood clot in an artery or a vein.
  • If you have recently had, or are about to have, any vaccinations.
  • If you are taking or using any other medicines. This includes any medicines which are available to buy without a prescription, as well as herbal and complementary medicines.
  • If you have ever had an allergic reaction to a medicine, or if you have ever developed muscle pain after taking a steroid medicine.

Interactions with this medication

EMFLAZA can cause unwanted interactions with other medications, please discuss this with your doctor or pharmacist.

Proper Use of this medication

  • Before starting the treatment, read the manufacturer's printed information leaflet from inside the pack and any additional information you are given by your doctor. These will give you more information about EMFLAZA and will also provide you with a full list of side-effects which you could experience from taking it.
  • Your doctor or pharmacist will tell you how many tablets to take for each dose. For an adult, the dose range is usually from ½-3 tablets daily, although it may be higher than this if you are acutely unwell. Take your dose in the morning during breakfast. Swallow the tablet with a drink of water. Children are sometimes prescribed a dose to take on alternate days only.
  • If you forget to take a dose at your usual time, take it as soon as you remember (with something to eat). If you do not remember until the following day, leave out the missed dose. Do not take two doses together to make up for a forgotten dose.
  • Continue to take EMFLAZA until your doctor tells you to stop. Stopping taking the tablets suddenly can cause problems so your doctor will want you to reduce your dose gradually over a period of time if/when this becomes necessary.

Side Effects

Along with its useful effects, EMFLAZA can cause unwanted side-effects which your doctor will discuss with you. The benefits of taking an oral steroid usually outweigh the side-effects; however, they can sometimes be troublesome. The table below contains some of the most common ones associated with EMFLAZA. The best place to find a full list of the side-effects which can be associated with your medicine, is from the manufacturer's printed information leaflet supplied with the medicine.

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