Humulin N (Insulin Biosynthetic Human Br)

Author , posted on July 7, 2017

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Humulin N Dosage and Side Effects

HUMULIN  N is used to treat diabetes.

Proper Use of this medication

Your blood sugar will need to be checked often, and you may need other blood tests at your doctor's office.

Insulin is injected under the skin. You will be shown how to use injections at home. Use a different place on your stomach, thigh, or upper arm each time you give the injection. Do not inject into the same place two times in a row.

Shake the insulin vial (bottle) several times to thoroughly mix the HUMULIN 70/30 before each use. Shake the mixture until it looks cloudy or milky.

Do not use the mixture if it has clumps or white particles in it after mixing, or if the white substance remains at the bottom of the vial. Call your doctor for a new prescription.

Use a disposable needle only once, then throw away in a puncture-proof container (ask your pharmacist where you can get one and how to dispose of it). Keep this container out of the reach of children and pets.

Never share an injection pen or cartridge with another person. Sharing injection pens or cartridges can allow disease such as hepatitis or HIV to pass from one person to another.

Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) can happen to everyone who has diabetes. Symptoms include headache, hunger, sweating, pale skin, irritability, dizziness, feeling shaky, or trouble concentrating. Always keep a source of sugar with you in case you have low blood sugar. Sugar sources include fruit juice, hard candy, crackers, raisins, and non-diet soda. Be sure your family and close friends know how to help you in an emergency.

If you have severe hypoglycemia and cannot eat or drink, use a glucagon injection. Your doctor can prescribe a glucagon emergency injection kit and tell you how to use it.

Also watch for signs of high blood sugar (hyperglycemia) such as increased thirst, increased urination, hunger, dry mouth, fruity breath odor, drowsiness, dry skin, blurred vision, and weight loss.

Check your blood sugar carefully during times of stress, travel, illness, surgery or medical emergency, vigorous exercise, or if you drink alcohol or skip meals. These things can affect your glucose levels and your dose needs may also change. Do not change your medication dose or schedule without your doctor's advice.

Carry an ID card or wear a medical alert bracelet stating that you have diabetes, in case of emergency. Any doctor, dentist, or emergency medical care provider who treats you should know that you are diabetic.

Storing unopened vials or injection pens: Keep in the carton and store in a refrigerator, protected from light. Throw away any insulin not used before the expiration date on the medicine label.

Storing after your first use: Keep "in-use" vials, injection pens, or prefilled syringes at cool room temperature, protected from heat and sunlight. In-use insulin is only stable for a certain number of days or weeks. Throw away the medicine after the number of days or weeks shown in the storage directions provided with your insulin.

Do not freeze HUMULIN 70/30, and throw away the medication if it has become frozen.

Seek emergency medical attention if you think you have used too much of this medicine. An insulin overdose can cause life-threatening hypoglycemia.

Symptoms of severe hypoglycemia include extreme weakness, blurred vision, sweating, trouble speaking, tremors, stomach pain, confusion, seizure (convulsions), or coma.

Use the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not use extra medicine to make up the missed dose.

It is important to keep HUMULIN 70/30 on hand at all times. Get your prescription refilled before you run out of medicine completely.

Side Effects

Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of insulin allergy: itching skin rash over the entire body, wheezing, trouble breathing, fast heart rate, sweating, or feeling like you might pass out.

Call your doctor at once if you have shortness of breath, swelling in your hands or feet, or rapid weight gain (especially if you are taking an oral diabetes medication).

Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, is the most common side effect of insulin. Symptoms of low blood sugar may include headache, hunger, sweating, pale skin, irritability, dizziness, feeling shaky, or trouble concentrating. Watch for signs of low blood sugar. Carry a piece of non-dietetic hard candy or glucose tablets with you in case you have low blood sugar.

Tell your doctor if you have itching, swelling, redness, or thickening of the skin where you inject HUMULIN 70/30.

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects.

Warnings and Precautions

Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, is the most common side effect of insulin. Symptoms of low blood sugar may include headache, hunger, sweating, pale skin, irritability, dizziness, feeling shaky, or trouble concentrating. Watch for signs of low blood sugar. Carry a piece of non-dietetic hard candy or glucose tablets with you in case you have low blood sugar.

Do not use this medicine if you are allergic to insulin, or if you are having an episode of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar).

To make sure you can safely use HUMULIN 70/30, tell your doctor if you have liver or kidney disease.

Tell your doctor about all other medications you use, especially oral diabetes medications such as pioglitazone or rosiglitazone (which are sometimes contained in combinations with glimepiride or metformin). Taking certain oral diabetes medications while you are using insulin may increase your risk of serious heart problems.

This medication is not expected to be harmful to an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant during treatment.

It is not known whether HUMULIN 70/30 passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. Tell your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.

Interactions with this medication

Do not change the brand of insulin or syringe you are using without first talking to your doctor or pharmacist. Some brands of insulin and syringes are interchangeable, while others are not. Your doctor and/or pharmacist know which brands can be substituted for one another.

Avoid drinking alcohol. Your blood sugar may become dangerously low if you drink alcohol while using HUMULIN 70/30.

Tell your doctor about all medicines you use, and those you start or stop using during your treatment with insulin, especially:

  • aspirin or other salicylates (including Pepto Bismol);
  • birth control pills;
  • a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI);
  • oral diabetes medications;
  • steroids (prednisone and others);
  • sulfa drugs (Bactrim, SMZ-TMP, and others); or
  • thyroid medicine.

This list is not complete and many other medicines can increase or decrease the effects of insulin on lowering your blood sugar. This includes prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Give a list of all your medicines to any healthcare provider who treats you. Not all possible interactions are listed in this medication guide.

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Priligy (Dapoxetine)

Author , posted on July 7, 2017

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Priligy

Dapoxetine

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Priligy (Dapoxetine) Medication Information

Uses

Priligy is a selective serotonin receptor inhibitor (SSRI) that is used to increase the time to ejaculation.

Dosage

The tablets are available in several different strengths:

  • 30 mg
  • 60 mg

Side Effects

The most common side effects of Priligy include:

  • Dizziness
  • Headache
  • Anxiety
  • Difficulty keeping an erection
  • Stomach pain 

Speak with your doctor for a full list of side effects that apply to you if you are taking Priligy.

Precautions

If you have other sexual problems, it is important to speak with your doctor before taking Priligy.

Priligy can cause a drop in blood pressure, so it is important to monitor blood pressure when first using Priligy.

Interactions

The most common drug interactions with Priligy are listed:

  • SSRIs
  • SNRIs
  • MAOIs
  • Triptans
  • Warfarin 

Speak with your doctor for more information and before starting a new medication with Priligy. 

Storage

Store at room temperature (77ºF). 

Pharmacist Tips

  • Priligy can be taken with or without food.
  • The effects of alcohol can be increased with Priligy, it is recommended that alcohol be avoided while taking Priligy
  • Priligy should be taken with at least one full glass of water. 

Dapoxetine FAQs

How much longer does Priligy make you last?

Priligy has been found in the majority of men to at least double the time of their erection before ejaculation. 

 

Does Priligy have side effects?

Yes, Priligy can cause dizziness, headache, stomach pain, and overall ill feeling. 

 

Can I take Priligy daily?

Priligy is not intended for regular use, and it should not be used more than once in a 24 hour period.

 

Does Priligy treat erectile dysfunction? 

Priligy should not be used to treat erectile dysfunction. 

 

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Reference:

Priligy {package insert}. Buckinghamshire, UK: A. Menarini Farmaceutica Internationale.

https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/1269/pil#gref

PharmD Medical Writer

Author: Dr. Larisa Roybal, PharmD

Dr. Roybal is a board-certified pharmacotherapy specialist who has practiced in both ambulatory and acute care settings. Her pharmacy interests include oncology and general inpatient pharmacy.

Humulin 30/70 (Insulin)

Author , posted on July 7, 2017

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Humulin 30/70 Dosage and Side Effects

HUMULIN 30/70 is used to treat diabetes.

Proper Use of this medication

Your blood sugar will need to be checked often, and you may need other blood tests at your doctor's office.

Insulin is injected under the skin. You will be shown how to use injections at home. Use a different place on your stomach, thigh, or upper arm each time you give the injection. Do not inject into the same place two times in a row.

Shake the insulin vial (bottle) several times to thoroughly mix the HUMULIN 70/30 before each use. Shake the mixture until it looks cloudy or milky.

Do not use the mixture if it has clumps or white particles in it after mixing, or if the white substance remains at the bottom of the vial. Call your doctor for a new prescription.

Use a disposable needle only once, then throw away in a puncture-proof container (ask your pharmacist where you can get one and how to dispose of it). Keep this container out of the reach of children and pets.

Never share an injection pen or cartridge with another person. Sharing injection pens or cartridges can allow disease such as hepatitis or HIV to pass from one person to another.

Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) can happen to everyone who has diabetes. Symptoms include headache, hunger, sweating, pale skin, irritability, dizziness, feeling shaky, or trouble concentrating. Always keep a source of sugar with you in case you have low blood sugar. Sugar sources include fruit juice, hard candy, crackers, raisins, and non-diet soda. Be sure your family and close friends know how to help you in an emergency.

If you have severe hypoglycemia and cannot eat or drink, use a glucagon injection. Your doctor can prescribe a glucagon emergency injection kit and tell you how to use it.

Also watch for signs of high blood sugar (hyperglycemia) such as increased thirst, increased urination, hunger, dry mouth, fruity breath odor, drowsiness, dry skin, blurred vision, and weight loss.

Check your blood sugar carefully during times of stress, travel, illness, surgery or medical emergency, vigorous exercise, or if you drink alcohol or skip meals. These things can affect your glucose levels and your dose needs may also change. Do not change your medication dose or schedule without your doctor's advice.

Carry an ID card or wear a medical alert bracelet stating that you have diabetes, in case of emergency. Any doctor, dentist, or emergency medical care provider who treats you should know that you are diabetic.

Storing unopened vials or injection pens: Keep in the carton and store in a refrigerator, protected from light. Throw away any insulin not used before the expiration date on the medicine label.

Storing after your first use: Keep "in-use" vials, injection pens, or prefilled syringes at cool room temperature, protected from heat and sunlight. In-use insulin is only stable for a certain number of days or weeks. Throw away the medicine after the number of days or weeks shown in the storage directions provided with your insulin.

Do not freeze HUMULIN 70/30, and throw away the medication if it has become frozen.

Seek emergency medical attention if you think you have used too much of this medicine. An insulin overdose can cause life-threatening hypoglycemia.

Symptoms of severe hypoglycemia include extreme weakness, blurred vision, sweating, trouble speaking, tremors, stomach pain, confusion, seizure (convulsions), or coma.

Use the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not use extra medicine to make up the missed dose.

It is important to keep HUMULIN 70/30 on hand at all times. Get your prescription refilled before you run out of medicine completely.

Side Effects

Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of insulin allergy: itching skin rash over the entire body, wheezing, trouble breathing, fast heart rate, sweating, or feeling like you might pass out.

Call your doctor at once if you have shortness of breath, swelling in your hands or feet, or rapid weight gain (especially if you are taking an oral diabetes medication).

Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, is the most common side effect of insulin. Symptoms of low blood sugar may include headache, hunger, sweating, pale skin, irritability, dizziness, feeling shaky, or trouble concentrating. Watch for signs of low blood sugar. Carry a piece of non-dietetic hard candy or glucose tablets with you in case you have low blood sugar.

Tell your doctor if you have itching, swelling, redness, or thickening of the skin where you inject HUMULIN 70/30.

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects.

Interactions with this medication

Do not change the brand of insulin or syringe you are using without first talking to your doctor or pharmacist. Some brands of insulin and syringes are interchangeable, while others are not. Your doctor and/or pharmacist know which brands can be substituted for one another.

Avoid drinking alcohol. Your blood sugar may become dangerously low if you drink alcohol while using HUMULIN 70/30.

Tell your doctor about all medicines you use, and those you start or stop using during your treatment with insulin, especially:

  • aspirin or other salicylates (including Pepto Bismol);
  • birth control pills;
  • a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI);
  • oral diabetes medications;
  • steroids (prednisone and others);
  • sulfa drugs (Bactrim, SMZ-TMP, and others); or
  • thyroid medicine.

This list is not complete and many other medicines can increase or decrease the effects of insulin on lowering your blood sugar. This includes prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Give a list of all your medicines to any healthcare provider who treats you. Not all possible interactions are listed in this medication guide.

Warnings and Precautions

Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, is the most common side effect of insulin. Symptoms of low blood sugar may include headache, hunger, sweating, pale skin, irritability, dizziness, feeling shaky, or trouble concentrating. Watch for signs of low blood sugar. Carry a piece of non-dietetic hard candy or glucose tablets with you in case you have low blood sugar.

Do not use this medicine if you are allergic to insulin, or if you are having an episode of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar).

To make sure you can safely use HUMULIN 70/30, tell your doctor if you have liver or kidney disease.

Tell your doctor about all other medications you use, especially oral diabetes medications such as pioglitazone or rosiglitazone (which are sometimes contained in combinations with glimepiride or metformin). Taking certain oral diabetes medications while you are using insulin may increase your risk of serious heart problems.

This medication is not expected to be harmful to an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant during treatment.

It is not known whether HUMULIN 70/30 passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. Tell your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.

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Hepsera (Adefovir Dipvoxil)

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Hepsera

Adefovir Dipivoxil

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Hepsera (Adefovir Dipvoxil) Dosage and Side Effects

HEPSERA is used to treat adults with continuing (chronic) infection with active hepatitis B virus.

Proper Use of this medication

Usual dose:

  • The usual adult dose is one HEPSERA 10 mg tablet orally (by mouth) once a day.
  • Your doctor may prescribe a different dosing schedule if you have problems with your kidneys.
  • HEPSERA may be taken with or without food.
  • Do not stop taking HEPSERA without consulting your doctor. Your hepatitis may get worse if you stop taking HEPSERA.

Overdose:

In case of drug overdose, contact a health care practitioner, hospital emergency department or regional Poison Control Centre immediately, even if there are no symptoms.

Missed dose:

  • If you miss your regular time for taking your dose, but then remember it during that same day, take your missed dose immediately.
  • Then, take your next dose at the regularly scheduled time the following day.
  • Do not take two doses of HEPSERA at once to make up for missing a dose.
  • If you are not sure what to do if you miss taking your medication check with your doctor or pharmacist for further instructions.

Side Effects

The most common side effects of HEPSERA are weakness, headache, stomach pain, nausea, diarrhea, flatulence (intestinal gas) and indigestion.

The most common side effects of HEPSERA in patients with chronic hepatitis B having a liver transplant are: weakness, stomach pain, headache, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, rash and itching. Some patients also had undesirable effects on their kidneys, including kidney failure and damage to kidney cells.

Other possible side effects may include: muscle pain, muscle weakness, bone pain and softening of the bone (which may contribute to fractures) which are associated with kidney problems, and inflammation of the pancreas.

These are not all the possible side effects of HEPSERA. Your doctor, nurse or pharmacist can discuss with you a more complete list of possible side effects with HEPSERA. You should report any new or continuing symptoms to your doctor, nurse or pharmacist.

Warnings and Precautions

Serious Warnings and Precautions

  • Talk to your doctor before you stop taking HEPSERA. Some people who take HEPSERA get a very serious hepatitis when they stop taking HEPSERA. This usually happens within 12 weeks after you stop HEPSERA. You will need to have regular blood tests to check for liver function and hepatitis B virus levels if you stop taking HEPSERA.

  • HEPSERA may cause kidney problems. This can happen to anyone that uses HEPSERA, especially people who already have kidney problems. Your doctor may ask you to have blood tests to check for kidney function while you are taking HEPSERA. Since kidney problems often do not cause symptoms and are often only detected with blood tests, it is important to have all of your blood tests as instructed by your doctor.

  • If you get or have HIV infection (the virus that causes AIDS), and you don't know it, or if your HIV is not being treated while you are taking HEPSERA, HEPSERA may increase the chances of you developing resistance to HIV infection, asHEPSERA may have some anti-HIV activity. You should talk to your doctor to find out if you should have an HIV test before you start taking HEPSERA and whenever there is a change that you were exposed to HIV.

  • Some people who have taken nucleotide analog medications like HEPSERA, either alone or in combination with other anti-retroviral drugs, have developed a serious condition called lactic acidosis (build up of acid in the blood). Lactic acidosis is a medical emergency and must be treated in the hospital. (See table Serious Side Effects, How Often They Happen and What to Do About Them.) Some people who have taken medications like HEPSERA, have developed serious liver problems called hepatoxicity, with liver enlargement (hepatomegaly) and fat in the liver (steatosis). (See table Serious Side Effects, How Often They Happen and What to Do About Them.) You may be more likely to get lactic acidosis or serious liver problems if you are very overweight (obese) or have been taking nucleotide analog medicines, like HEPSERA, for a long time.

BEFORE you use HEPSERA talk to your doctor or pharmacist if:

  • You know that you are pregnant or suspect that you may be pregnant, so that you can discuss the risk and benefit of takingHEPSERA. It is not known if HEPSERA can harm your unborn child.

  • You are breastfeeding.

  • You have kidney problems now or had them before.

  • You are taking other medications that affect how your kidneys work.

  • You think you may have HIV (the virus that causes AIDS).

Interactions with this medication

Tell your doctor about all the medications you take. Some medications may affect how HEPSERA (adefovir dipivoxil) works, especially medications that affect how your kidneys work. Do not take any other medications while you are taking HEPSERA, until you have checked with your doctor.

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Hytrin (Terazosin)

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Hytrin

Terazosin Hydrochloride

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Hytrin (Terazosin) Medication Information

Uses

Hytrin is indicated for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and hypertension. 

Dosage

The tablets are available in several different strengths:

  • 1 mg
  • 2 mg
  • 5 mg
  • 10 mg

Side Effects

The most common side effects of Hytrin include:

  • Flu symptoms
  • Headache
  • Hypotension
  • Palpitations
  • Nausea
  • Dizziness
  • Somnolence 

Speak with your doctor for a full list of side effects that apply to you if you take Hytrin.

Precautions

Prostate cancer and BPH cause many of the same symptoms, and these two diseases frequently co-exist. Therefore, patients should be examined prior to starting Hytrin to rule out the presence of prostate cancer.

Intraoperative Floppy Iris Syndrome (IFIS) has been observed during cataract surgery in some patients on/or previously treated with Hytrin.

Patients should be made aware of the possibility of syncope and orthostatic symptoms, especially at the initiation of therapy, and to avoid driving or hazardous tasks for 12 hours after the first dose, after a dosage increase and after interruption of therapy when treatment is resumed.

Interactions

Common medications that interact with Hytrin are listed:

  • Alcohol
  • Sildenafil
  • Tadalafil

Speak with your doctor for more information about drug interactions with Hytrin. 

Storage

Store at room temperature, below 86ºF.   

Pharmacist Tips

  • Drowsiness can occur with Hytrin, use caution if you must drive or operate heavy machinery.
  • Prolonged erection can occur with Hytrin, if this does seek immediate medical attention as it can lead to permanent erectile dysfunction. 
  • Taking this medication with PDE-5 inhibitors like sildenafil can cause extreme lowering of blood pressure.

Terazosin FAQs

Why do you take Hytrin at night?

Terazosin is recommended to be taken at night because of the possible dip in blood pressure that occurs with change in posture. It is recommended to take at night to limit the motion of patients to limit this side effect. 

 

Is terazosin bad for kidneys?

If too much Hytrin is taken, it can lower a patients blood pressure so much that it limits the blood flow to certain organs, including the kidneys, and this can potentially lead to kidney injury or failure. 

 

How long does it take for terazosin to lower blood pressure?

You should notice a drop in blood pressure after taking the first dose of Hytrin. 

 

Does Hytrin lower blood pressure?

Yes, Hytrin is used to lower blood pressure, if you are taking it for BPH, you will see a lowering of blood pressure as well. 

 

What is Hytrin used for?

Hytrin is indicated for the treatment of BPH and high blood pressure

 

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Reference:

Hytrin {package insert}. North Chicago, IL: Abbott Laboratories; 2009.

https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2009/019057s022lbl.pdf

PharmD Medical Writer

Author: Dr. Larisa Roybal, PharmD

Dr. Roybal is a board-certified pharmacotherapy specialist who has practiced in both ambulatory and acute care settings. Her pharmacy interests include oncology and general inpatient pharmacy.

Primaquine (Primaquine Phosphate)

Author , posted on July 7, 2017

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Primaquine

Primaquine Phosphate

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Primaquine (Primaquine Phosphate) Dosage and Side Effects

PRIMAQUINE is used to eliminate certain forms of malaria (specifically Plasmodium vivax and ovale malaria) and help prevent it from coming back.

Proper Use of this medication

Taking PRIMAQUINE after a meal may help to decrease stomach pain or cramps which are possible side effects of this medication.

Usual Dose:

Take PRIMAQUINE exactly as prescribed by your doctor.

Overdose:

If you think you have taken too much PRIMAQUINE, contact your healthcare professional, hospital emergency department or regional Poison Control Centre immediately, even if there are no symptoms.

Symptoms that you have taken too much PRIMAQUINE include stomach cramps, vomiting, yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes, heartburn, heart problems, including problems with your heart beat rhythm, bluish skin discoloration, fatigue, difficulty breathing, shortness of breath, confusion, light-headedness, dizziness, difficulty sleeping, and pale skin.

Missed Dose:

If you miss a dose take it as soon as you remember that same day. If it is the next day and time for your next dose, resume your daily dosing schedule. Do not double dose.

Side Effects

These are not all the possible side effects you may feel when taking PRIMAQUINE. If you experience any side effects not listed here, contact your healthcare professional.

Other warnings you should know about

  • Irregular heartbeat
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Heartburn
  • Stomach pain
  • Darkening of the urine
  • Blood problems such as leukopenia (decrease in white blood cells) which could increase infections, or methemoglobinemia (reduced ability of the blood to deliver oxygen) with symptoms such as shortness of breath, confusion, light-headedness, dizziness, fatigue
  • Dizziness
  • Rash, itching

If you have a troublesome symptom or side effect that is not listed here or becomes bad enough to interfere with your daily activities, talk to your healthcare professional.

Warnings and Precautions

Because PRIMAQUINE can cause hemolysis in persons with G6PD deficiency, a screening test must be performed prior to use to rule out such a deficiency.

Stop taking PRIMAQUINE right away and contact your doctor if you develop signs of hemolytic anemia which include darkening of the urine, dizziness, confusion, fatigue, light-headedness, or shortness of breath.

PRIMAQUINE may cause dizziness; do not drive or operate machinery until you know how the drug affects you.

Tell your healthcare professional about all the medicines you take, including any drugs, vitamins, minerals, natural supplements or alternative medicines.

Do not use PRIMAQUINE if:

  • If you are allergic to primaquine phosphate or any of the ingredients in the product
  • If you suffer from a medical condition such as rheumatoid arthritis or lupus erythematosus and if you are acutely ill with systemic disease
  • If you are taking or have recently taken quinacrine (another antimalarial drug)
  • If you are taking drugs that may damage blood cells or their formation
  • If you have a disease called severe G6PD deficiency (also known as favism)
  • If you are pregnant

Interactions with this medication

Do not take PRIMAQUINE if you are taking or if you have recently taken quinacrine. PRIMAQUINE can interact with medications that have an effect on heart rhythm (prolong the QT interval).

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Principen (Ampicillin)

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Ampicillin (Generic)

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Principen (Ampicillin) Dosage and Side Effects

PRINCIPEN is no longer on the market, your health care provider can prescribe generic ampicillin to treat infections such as pneumonia, bronchitis, urinary tract infections, meningitis, and typhoid fever.

Dentists often prescribe ampicillin before a dental procedure for people who are at risk of endocarditis, an infection in the lining of the heart.

Proper Use of this medication

How much ampicillin your doctor prescribes and how long you take it depend on your age, your kidney function, and the type of bacteria causing your infection.

Be sure to take the entire amount in your prescription. Finish all the medication, even if you're feeling better or the infection appears to be over. (Not feeling sick does not mean the infection is completely gone.)

If you stop taking ampicillin before completing the entire prescribed amount, the infection could come back and may be even more difficult to treat than it was the first time.

You should always take ampicillin one hour before or two hours after meals.

Ampicillin Overdose

If you suspect an overdose, you should contact a poison control center or emergency room immediately.

Call 911 if someone has collapsed or is not breathing from a possible severe allergic reaction to ampicillin.

Missed Dose of Ampicillin

If you miss a dose of ampicillin, try to take it as soon as you remember.

If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and take your next dose at the regular time. Do not take two doses of the medication at the same time.

Side Effects

Common side effects of ampicillin include:

  • Diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting
  • Hives or rash
  • Swelling of the tongue
  • Thrush or yeast infection
  • Black, hairy tongue
  • High levels of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell

Serious side effects of ampicillin include:

  • Anaphylaxis, a life-threatening allergic reaction in which your throat may close up, you have trouble breathing, and your skin breaks out in hives
  • C. difficile colitis, a bacterial infection causing a severe form of loose, watery diarrhea with an unusually foul smell
  • Life-threatening skin reaction called erythema multiforme (Stevens-Johnson syndrome)
  • Low level of red blood cells
  • Inability of bone marrow to make neutrophils, a type of white blood cell
  • Superinfection, an infection that occurs at the same time or after the original infection
  • Low levels of platelets, cells needed for blood clotting, or white blood cells
  • Skin peeling, possibly with redness

Warnings and Precautions

You should not take ampicillin if:

  • You're allergic to ampicillin, any penicillin antibiotic, or any other ingredient in the medication
  • You have infectious mononucleosis

Talk to your doctor before taking ampicillin if you have:

  • Allergies to many things
  • Asthma or ever had asthma
  • Acute Lymphoid Leukemia (ALL), a type of cancer of the white blood cells
  • HIV/AIDS
  • Seizures
  • Kidney problems
  • Inflammation or an infection of the intestines caused by taking antibiotics recently

Pregnancy and Ampicillin

Ampicillin is an FDA Pregnancy Category B drug, meaning animal studies indicate there is no risk to a fetus, but there are no human studies showing it's safe for an unborn baby.

Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant before taking this medication.

Ampicillin is safe for mothers to take while breastfeeding. Still, tell your doctor know if you are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed while taking it.

Interactions with this medication

It's always important to share with your doctor and pharmacist all of the medications you are taking. This includes your prescriptions medications, over-the-counter (OTC) drugs, vitamins, nutritional supplements (nutritional shakes, protein powders, etc.), herbal remedies, and any illegal or recreational drugs.

You should not take ampicillin if you are taking Theracrys [BCG live (intravesical)].

Medications that have serious interactions with ampicillin include the following:

  • Vivotif (live typhoid vaccine)
  • Warfarin (Jantoven, Coumadin)
  • Methotrexate (Trexall, Rasuvo, Otrexup)
  • Magnesium citrate (Citroma, Citrate of Magnesia)
  • Exenatide (Byetta, Bydureon)
  • Acid reflux drugs, such as like Prevacid (deslansoprazole), Prilosec (omeprazole), Nexium (esomeprazole), and Protonix (pantoprazole)
  • Tramadol, (Ultram, Ultracet)
  • Doxycycline (Vibramycin, Doryx)
  • Tiagabine (Gabitril)
  • Bupropion (Wellbutrin, Zyban, Forfivo XL)
  • Allopurinol (Zyloprim, Lopurin, Aloprim)

Ampicillin and Alcohol

Because there are no known interactions between ampicillin and alcohol, you need not avoid or limit drinking alcohol while taking ampicillin.

Ampicillin and Grapefruit

Grapefruit interacts with some antibiotics, but it's not clear whether this includes ampicillin. Be safe, and avoid eating grapefruit or drinking grapefruit juice while taking the medication.

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Hydrodiuril (Hydrochlorothiazide)

Author , posted on July 7, 2017

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Hydrochlorothiazide (Generic)

Hydrochlorothiazide

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Hydrochlorothiazide (Generic)

Hydrochlorothiazide

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Hydrodiuril (Hydrochlorothiazide) Dosage and Side Effects

HYDRODIURIL is a prescription diuretic ("water pill") that's used to treat high blood pressure and other conditions.

Proper Use of this medication

HYDRODIURIL comes in tablet form and is meant to be taken orally.

HYDRODIURIL can be taken with or without food.

In adults being treated for hypertension, the usual dose is 12.5 to 50 mg once daily.

If the medicine has been prescribed for edema, most adults will take 25 to 100 mg once a day or in divided doses.

Your doctor will likely advise you to take your medication at the same time each day.

Don't stop taking HYDRODIURIL even if you feel well; your blood pressure may still be high even when you don’t feel sick.

It’s not a good idea to take HYDRODIURIL within four hours of going to bed since it may result in your having to urinate during the night.

If your condition doesn’t improve and/or gets worse, let your doctor know right away. Your doctor may need to adjust the dose.

HYDRODIURIL and Overdose

Signs of an overdose may include:

  • Nausea
  • Weakness
  • Dizziness
  • Dry mouth
  • Thirst
  • Muscle pain/weakness

In the event of an accidental overdose, call 911 immediately or contact a poison control center.

HYDRODIURIL and Missed Dose

If you miss a dose, don’t take extra medication to make up for it.

In some cases, you may be able to take the missed dose as soon as you remember. However, if it's almost time for the next scheduled dose, you should skip the one you missed.

If you're not sure what to do, contact your doctor or pharmacist to avoid overdosing.

Side Effects

The most common side effects associated with HYDRODIURIL include:

  • Thirst
  • Muscle weakness
  • Constipation
  • Blurred vision
  • Dizziness
  • Photosensitivity

If you notice any of the following severe side effects, stop taking HYDRODIURIL and call your doctor immediately:

  • Severe allergic reaction (rash, hives, difficulty breathing, swelling of face, lips, tongue, or throat)
  • Severe stomach pain, loss of appetite, dark urine, or clay colored stools
  • Bleeding or bruising that seems unusual
  • A severe skin rash which includes peeling skin
  • Heartbeats that are fast or uneven
  • Tingling or numbness
  • Skin or eye yellowing (jaundice)

Warnings and Precautions

To ensure that you can safely take HYDRODIURIL, it’s important that you tell your doctor if you are suffering from any of the following:

  • Kidney disease
  • Liver disease
  • Glaucoma
  • Asthma or allergies
  • Gout
  • Diabetes
  • An allergy to sulfa drugs or penicillin

Talk to your doctor immediately if you experience any of the following while taking HYDRODIURIL:

  • Seizures or convulsions
  • Decreased urine
  • Drowsiness
  • Dry mouth/excessive thirst
  • Increased heart rate
  • Muscle pain
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Fatigue
  • Weakness

These may be symptoms of a condition called hypokalemia or potassium loss. HYDRODIURIL can lower potassium levels.

While taking HYDRODIURIL, you may need to take potassium supplements, decrease salt intake, and eat a diet rich in potassium with foods like bananas.

Stop using HYDRODIURIL if you have:

  • Blurred vision
  • Difficulty reading
  • Eye pain

These may be symptoms of a serious eye problem. Your doctor may refer you to an ophthalmologist.

HYDRODIURIL can cause dizziness. Do not drive or use machinery while taking HYDRODIURIL.

HYDRODIURIL might increase your blood sugar levels, so it’s important that if you have diabetes, you check your blood sugar levels regularly.

You should also avoid sun exposure, as HYDRODIURIL can increase sun sensitivity.

If you go out in hot weather, especially if you are exercising, avoid becoming overheated or dehydrated.

HYDRODIURIL and Pregnancy

Be sure to let your doctor know if you're pregnant or are planning to become pregnant while on HYDRODIURIL.

Thiazides like HYDRODIURIL may increase the risk of fetal or neonatal jaundice and low platelet levels, and perhaps lead to other adverse reactions.

If taken during pregnancy, HYDRODIURIL could be toxic to the fetus, leading to death. Stop taking HYDRODIURIL as soon as you find out you're pregnant.

You shouldn't use HYDRODIURIL while breastfeeding since it may pass into your breast milk and could harm a nursing baby. Be sure your doctor knows that you're breastfeeding before taking HYDRODIURIL.

Interactions with this medication

It's very important to let your doctor know about all drugs you're taking, including illegal drugs, any over-the-counter (OTC) drugs, and any herbs or supplements.

Before taking HYDRODIURIL, tell your doctor if you're using any of the following drugs:

  • Lithium/Eskalith (Lithobid)
  • Digoxin/Lanoxin
  • Cholestyramine/Prevalite
  • Cholestyramine (Questran)
  • Colestipol/Colestid
  • Phenobarbital (Luminal)
  • Secobarbital (Seconal)

If you're also taking digoxin, the potassium-lowering effects of HYDRODIURIL may worsen cardiac arrhythmias.

Cholestyramine and colestipol may decrease the absorption of HYDRODIURIL. If you’re taking either one, do so at least four hours before or after taking HYDRODIURIL.

Tell your doctor if you take cold and pain medicine, muscle relaxers, or medication for seizures, depression, or anxiety. These are known to make you light headed and may increase the side effects of HYDRODIURIL.

Drugs that may interact with acyclovir include steroids such as:

  • Prednisone (Deltasone, Meticorten, Sterapred, others)
  • Betamethasone (Celestone)
  • Budesonide (Entocort, Uceris)
  • Cortisone (Cortone)
  • Dexamethasone (Decadron, Dexpak, Dexasone, others)
  • Fludrocortisone (Florinef)
  • Hydrocortisone (Cortef, Hydrocortone)
  • Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol, Meprolone, others)
  • Prednisolone (Prelone, others)
  • Triamcinolone (Aristocort, Azmacort)

In addition, other blood pressure medications as well as NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) may interact with HYDRODIURIL. Examples of NSAIDs include:

  • Aspirin
  • Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)
  • Naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn)
  • Naprelan
  • Treximet
  • Celecoxib/Celebrex
  • Diclofenac/Arthrotec (Cambia, Cataflam, Voltaren, Flector Patch, Pennsaid)
  • Solareze
  • Indomethacin/Indocin
  • Meloxicam/Mobic

Finally, other medications that may interact with HYDRODIURIL include:

  • Insulin or oral diabetes medication
  • Corticotropin (ACTH, H.P., Acthar Gel)

If you're taking any of these medications, or others, your doctor may need to change the doses of these medications or monitor you carefully for side effects.

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Humira (Adalimumab)

Author , posted on July 7, 2017

Category:


PRODUCT NOT AVAILABLE

Humira (Adalimumab) Dosage and Side Effects

HUMIRA helps reduce the signs and symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis, polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis and psoriatic arthritis (such as pain and swollen joints), may help improve your/your child’s ability to perform daily activities (such as getting dressed, walking and climbing stairs), and may help prevent further damage to your/your child’s bones and joints. In addition, HUMIRA helps reduce the signs and symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis (back pain and morning stiffness), and adult and pediatric Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis (abdominal pain and diarrhea). HUMIRA may also help normalize childhood growth and pubertal development, and improve the quality of life in children who have Crohn's disease (such as body image, functional and social skills, and emotional health). HUMIRA may help improve the work productivity and activity impairment in caregivers of children with Crohn's disease.

Warnings and Precautions

Before starting, during and after treatment with HUMIRA, you/your child should be checked for active or inactive tuberculosis infection with a tuberculin skin test.

Any medicine can have side effects. Like all medicines that affect your/your child’s immune system, HUMIRA can cause serious side effects. The possible serious side effects include:

Serious Warnings and Precautions

  • Allergic reactions: If you/your child develop a severe rash, swollen face or difficulty breathing while taking HUMIRA, call your/your child’s doctor right away.
  • Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma: Very rare reports of hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma (HSTCL), a rare serious lymphoma that is often fatal, have been identified in patients treated with HUMIRA. Most patients had also been treated with other medications for Crohn’s disease and the majority were in adolescent and young adult males. The link between HSTCL and HUMIRA is not clear.
  • Other cancers: There have been very rare cases of certain kinds of cancer in patients taking HUMIRA or other TNF-blockers. Some patients receiving HUMIRA have developed types of cancer called non-melanoma skin cancer. Tell your/your child’s doctor if you/your child have a bump or open sore that does not heal. People with more serious rheumatoid arthritis that have had the disease for a long time may have a higher than average risk of getting a kind of cancer that affects the lymph system, called lymphoma. If you/your child take HUMIRA or other TNF-blockers, your/your child’s risk may increase. There have been cases of lymphoma and other cancers, including unusual types, in children, adolescents and young adults taking TNF-blocking agents, including HUMIRA, which sometimes resulted in death. For children and adults taking TNF-blocker medicines, the chances of developing lymphoma or other cancers may increase.
  • Lupus-like symptoms: Some patients have developed lupus-like symptoms that got better after their treatment was stopped. If you/your child have chest pains that do not go away, shortness of breath, joint pain or a rash on your/your child’s cheeks or arms that gets worse in the sun, call your/your child’s doctor right away. Your/your child’s doctor may decide to stop your/your child’s treatment.
  • Nervous system diseases: There have been rare cases of disorders that affect the nervous system of people taking HUMIRA or other TNF-blockers. Signs that you/your child could be experiencing a problem affecting your nervous system include: numbness or tingling, problems with your/your child’s vision, weakness in your/your child’s legs, and dizziness.
  • Serious infections: There have been rare cases where patients taking HUMIRA or other TNF-blocking agents have developed serious infections. Some of these cases have been life-threatening. Such infections include tuberculosis, infections caused by bacteria or fungi, and bacterial infections that have spread throughout the body (sepsis). Infection causes include tuberculosis, legionellosis (a serious form of bacterial pneumonia), listeriosis (an infection that usually develops after eating food contaminated by bacteria called listeria), and very rare cases of hepatitis B infection relapse.
  • Blood problems: In some instances, patients treated with TNF-blocking agents may develop low blood counts, such as anemia (low red blood cells) or low platelets. If you/your child develop symptoms such as persistent fever, bleeding, or bruising, you should contact your/your child’s doctor right away.

If you/your child received HUMIRA while pregnant, your/her baby may be at higher risk for getting an infection for up to approximately five months after the last dose of HUMIRA received during pregnancy. It is important that you tell your/her baby's doctors and other healthcare professionals about your/her HUMIRA use during pregnancy so they can decide when your/her baby should receive any vaccine.

BEFORE you/your child use HUMIRA, talk to the doctor or pharmacist if:

  • you/your child have or have had any kind of infection including an infection that is in only one place in your/your child’s body (such as an open cut or sore), or an infection that is in your/your child’s whole body (such as the flu). Having an infection could put you/your child at risk for serious side effects from HUMIRA. If you are unsure, ask your/your child’s doctor.
  • you/your child have a history of infections that keep coming back or other conditions that might increase your/your child’s risk of infections, including fungal infections.
  • you/your child have ever had tuberculosis, or if you/your child have been in close contact with someone who has had tuberculosis. If you/your child develop any of the symptoms of tuberculosis (a dry cough that doesn't go away, weight loss, fever, night sweats) call your/your child’s doctor right away. Your/your child’s doctor will need to examine you/your child for tuberculosis and perform a skin test.
  • you/your child resided or traveled to areas where there is a greater risk for certain kinds of infections such as tuberculosis, histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, blastomycosis, or parasitic infections. These infections are caused by a bacteria or a fungus that can affect the lungs or other parts of your/your child’s body. If you/your child take HUMIRA these may become active or more severe. If you don't know if you/your child have lived in or travelled to an area where these infections are common, ask your/your child’s doctor.
  • you/your child have ever had liver injury or hepatitis B virus infection or are at risk of developing this infection. Signs and symptoms include the following: yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice), feeling of sickness, tiredness, loss of appetite, joint pain, fever, dark brown-colored urine, vomiting, and abdominal pain. If you/your child experience any of these signs and symptoms, contact your/your child’s doctor immediately. These symptoms may occur several months after starting therapy with HUMIRA.
  • you/your child experience any numbness or tingling or have ever had a disease that affects your nervous system like multiple sclerosis or Guillain-Barré syndrome.
  • you/your child have or have had heart failure.
  • you/your child are scheduled to have major surgery or dental procedures.
  • you/your child are scheduled to be vaccinated for anything. It is recommended that pediatric patients, if possible, be brought up to date with all immunizations according to current guidelines before starting HUMIRA.
  • you/your child are taking other medicines for your/your child’s rheumatoid arthritis, polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, Crohn's disease, psoriasis, or other conditions. You/your child can take other medicines provided your/your child’s doctor has prescribed them, or has told you it is acceptable that you/your child take them while you/your child are taking HUMIRA. It is important that you tell your/your child’s doctor about any other medicines you/your child are taking for other conditions (for example, high blood pressure medicine) before you/your child start taking HUMIRA.
  • you/your child is taking other medicines for your/your child’s Crohn’s disease or other conditions. You/your child can take other medicines provided your/your child’s doctor has prescribed them or has told you it is acceptable that you/your child takes them while you/your child is taking HUMIRA. It is important that you tell the doctor about any other medicines you/your child is taking for other conditions before you/your child starts taking HUMIRA.
  • you/your child are taking any over-the-counter drugs, herbal medicines and vitamin and mineral supplements.
  • you/your child are pregnant, could become pregnant, or are breast-feeding. HUMIRA has not been studied in pregnant women or nursing mothers, so the effects on pregnant women or nursing babies are unknown. HUMIRA may cross the placenta into the serum of infants born to women treated with HUMIRA during pregnancy. Breast-feeding is not recommended for at least five months after the last HUMIRA treatment.
  • If you are not sure or have any questions about any of this information, ask your/your child’s doctor.

Side Effects

Like all medicines, HUMIRA can cause side effects. Most side effects are mild to moderate. However, some may be serious and require treatment.

Tell your/your child’s doctor immediately if you/your child experience any of the following:

  • severe rash, hives or other signs of allergic reaction
  • swollen face, hands, feet
  • trouble breathing, swallowing
  • sudden weight gain (this is possibly indicative of new or worsening heart failure)
  • bruising or bleeding very easily, looking very pale; this could mean a blood problem such as low red blood cells (anemia).

Tell the doctor as soon as possible if you/your child notice any of the following:

  • signs of infection such as fever, malaise, wounds, dental problems, burning on urination
  • feeling weak or tired
  • coughing
  • tingling
  • numbness
  • double vision
  • arm or leg weakness
  • arm or leg pain, swelling or redness
  • bump or open sore that does not heal
  • red scaly patches or raised bumps that are filled with pus (this could be new or worsening hidradenitis suppurativa, new or worsening psoriasis or a skin infection)
  • alopecia (loss of hair)
  • changes in the colour of the skin
  • changes in the colour of your/your child’s urine (dark or red)
  • worsening of the appearance of a scar
  • night sweats
  • weight loss
  • pain in the abdomen or chest

Interactions with this medication

You/your child should not take HUMIRA with:

  • other TNF-blockers such as Enbrel, Remicade, Cimzia, or Simponi
  • abatacept (Orencia)
  • anakinra (Kineret)

If you have questions, ask your/your child’s doctor.

Proper Use of this medication

HUMIRA is administered by injection under the skin (by subcutaneous injection).

Overdose:

If you/your child accidentally inject HUMIRA more frequently than instructed, contact your/your child’s doctor or local poison control centre right away.

Missed Dose:

If you/your child forget to give yourself/your child an injection, you/your child should inject the missed dose of HUMIRA as soon as you/your child remember. Then administer the next dose as you would have on the originally scheduled date.

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Humatin (Paromomycin Sulfate)

Author , posted on July 7, 2017

Category:


Humatin

Paromomycin Sulfate

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Humatin (Paromomycin Sulfate) Dosage and Side Effects

HUMATIN is used to treat certain intestinal infections. HUMATIN is also used to treat certain liver problems.

Proper Use of this medication

Do not take this medicine in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended.

Take with food.

Use this medication for the full prescribed length of time. Your symptoms may improve before the infection is completely cleared. Skipping doses may also increase your risk of further infection that is resistant to antibiotics. HUMATIN will not treat a viral infection such as the common cold or flu.

Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat.

Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line.

Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.

Side Effects

Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.

Call your doctor at once if you have:

  • diarrhea that is watery or bloody; or
  • little or no urinating.

Common side effects may include:

  • stomach cramps; or
  • mild diarrhea.

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects.

Warnings and Precautions

To make sure HUMATIN is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have:

  • kidney disease; or
  • an intestinal disorder such as ulcerative colitis.

It is not known whether HUMATIN will harm an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant while using this medication.

It is not known whether HUMATIN passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. Tell your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.

Interactions with this medication

Follow your doctor's instructions about any restrictions on food, beverages, or activity.

Other drugs may interact with HUMATIN, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Tell each of your health care providers about all medicines you use now and any medicine you start or stop using.

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