Cerazette (Desogestrel)

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Cerazette

Desogestrel

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Cerazette

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Cerazette (Desogestrel) Medication Information

Uses

Cerazette is used to prevent pregnancy.

Dosage

Oral tablets are available in 75 mcg strength.

Side Effects

The most common side effects of Cerazette include:

  • Depressed mood
  • Headache
  • Nausea
  • Acne
  • Breast pain
  • Irregular menstruation
  • Increased body weight

Speak with your doctor or pharmacist for a full list of side effects that applies to you.

Precautions

Breast cancer: It is important to regularly check your breasts and you should contact your doctor as soon as possible if you feel any lump in your breasts.

Thrombosis is the formation of a blood clot, which may block a blood vessel. A thrombosis sometimes occurs in the deep veins of the legs (deep venous thrombosis). If this clot breaks away from the veins where it is formed, it may reach and block the arteries of the lungs, causing a so-called “pulmonary embolism”. A pulmonary embolism can cause chest pain, breathlessness, collapse or even death.

Some women using hormonal contraceptives including Cerazette have reported depression or depressed mood. Depression can be serious and may sometimes lead to suicidal thoughts. If you experience mood changes and depressive symptoms contact your doctor for further medical advice as soon as possible.

Interactions

Some of the common drug interactions with Cerazette:

  • Phenytoin
  • Rifampin
  • Clarithromycin
  • Ketoconazole
  • Fluconazole
  • Diltiazem 

Speak with your doctor or pharmacist for more information. 

Storage

Store at controlled room temperature (77ºF). 

Pharmacist Tips

  • Cerazette is a progestogen-only-pill (POP).
  • In contrast to the combined pill, Cerazette can be used by women who do not tolerate oestrogens and by women who are breast feeding.
  • This medication is not approved in the US.
  • The progestogen-only pill, POP, which doesn’t contain an oestrogen.
  • Cerazette is different from most POPs in having a dose that in most cases prevents the egg cell from ripening. As a result, Cerazette is a highly effective contraceptive.

Cerazette FAQs

Can I take this with food?

Can be taken with or without food.

 

Can I take this if I am pregnant?

Do not use Cerazette if you are pregnant, or think you may be pregnant.

 

Can I take this while breastfeeding?

Cerazette may be used while you are breast-feeding. Cerazette does not appear to influence the production or the quality of breast milk. However, there have been infrequent reports of a decrease in breast milk production while using Cerazette. A small amount of the active substance of Cerazette passes over into the milk.

If you are breast feeding and want to use Cerazette, please contact your doctor.

 

What if I am lactose intolerant?

Cerazette contains lactose (milk sugar). Please contact your doctor before taking Cerazette if you have been told by your doctor that you are intolerant to some sugars.

 

Does Cerazette contain estrogen?

Cerazette is a progestogen-only-pill (POP). The progestogen-only pill, POP, doesn’t contain an estrogen.

 

Does this need to be taken the same time every day?

Take your tablet each day at about the same time. Continue to take one tablet every day until the pack is empty, always following the direction indicated by the arrows.

 

Reference:

Cerazette {prescribing information}. Hertfordshire, UK. Merck Sharp & Dohme Limited; 2020.

https://www.medicines.org.uk/emc/product/1698/pil#gref

PharmD Medical Writer

Author: Dr. Larisa Roybal, PharmD

Dr. Roybal is a board-certified pharmacotherapy specialist who has practiced in both ambulatory and acute care settings. Her pharmacy interests include oncology and general inpatient pharmacy.

Skelaxin (Metaxalone)

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Metaxalone MR (Generic)

Metaxalone

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Skelaxin (Metaxalone) Dosage and Side Effects

SKELAXIN is used to relax tense muscles and relieve pain from muscle spasms.

Proper Use of this medication

SKELAXIN tablets are best taken on an empty stomach or with a small snack. Taking SKELAXIN with food can increase the effects of this drug.

Children, Older People and SKELAXIN

Older people may be more susceptible to drowsiness and dizziness when taking SKELAXIN. Since the safety of SKELAXIN in children under 12 has not been studied, they should not take the drug.

SKELAXIN Overdose

There have been some cases of death when SKELAXIN is combined with alcohol or drugs that affect the nervous system.

You should not drink alcohol while taking SKELAXIN, and you must be sure to tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking other muscle relaxants, painkillers, sleep medications, or drugs for mood, anxiety, depression, or other psychological conditions.

If you suspect an overdose, you should contact a poison-control center or emergency room immediately.

Missed Dose of SKELAXIN

If you miss a dose of SKELAXIN, try to take it as soon as you remember.

If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and take your next scheduled dose at the regular time. Do not take two doses of the medication at the same time.

Side Effects

Common Side Effects of SKELAXIN

If you have any of the following more common side effects of SKELAXIN, and they do not go away or they become severe, call your doctor or get emergency medical help:

  • Minor sleepiness
  • Mild dizziness
  • Headache
  • Indigestion
  • Nervousness

Serious Side Effects and Reactions

SKELAXIN may cause serious side effects. You should tell your doctor right away or get emergency medical help if you experience any of the following:

  • Any breathing problems
  • Nausea or throwing up
  • Severe headache
  • Extreme sleepiness
  • Fatigue
  • Irregular heartbeats
  • Any severe allergic reaction

Warnings and Precautions

Before taking SKELAXIN, you should tell your doctor if you have kidney or liver disease.

If you are older, your doctor may also want to check your kidney or liver function, or discuss whether you should eat or fast when taking SKELAXIN. Also tell your doctor if you have anemia or if other drugs have caused you to have anemia.

Your doctor may monitor your liver function and your infection-fighting white blood cells while you are taking SKELAXIN.

You should tell your doctor immediately or get emergency medical help if you experience any of the following while taking SKELAXIN:

  • Extra drowsiness
  • Dizziness
  • Headache
  • Nervousness
  • Upset stomach
  • Serious rash or other skin problems
  • Yellowing of the skin, eyes, or nails (jaundice)
  • Any new infections

In rare cases, some people may have a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction. Get emergency medical help right away if you experience what is known as anaphylaxis. Symptoms include:

  • throat closing up or swollen tongue
  • a severe rash (hives)
  • red and swollen eyes
  • trouble breathing

SKELAXIN should either be avoided or used very carefully if you have heart failure, angina (chest pain), are having a heart attack, have an overactive thyroid, have bad kidney disease, or have moderate-to-severe liver disease.

You should not stop taking SKELAXIN all at once. To avoid a withdrawal reaction, you need to lower the dose of the SKELAXIN little by little over a two-week period, under the guidance of your doctor.

Pregnancy and SKELAXIN

You should tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant before taking this medication.

You should tell your doctor if you are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. While we don’t know if SKELAXIN crosses into human breast milk, it has been found in the breast milk of laboratory rats.

Interactions with this medication

It’s always important to tell your doctor and pharmacist about all of your treatments, including over-the-counter (OTC) medications; vitamins, nutritional shakes, protein powders, and other supplements; herbal treatments or other alternative medicines; and any illegal or recreational drugs.

You should never take the following drugs while taking SKELAXIN:

  • Antihistamines that contain carbinoxamine (such as Arbinoxa and Palgic)
  • Doxylamine-containing drugs, such as Unisom or combination medicines
  • Sodium oxybate (Xyrem), used to treat daytime sleepiness and some kinds of muscle problems

You should talk to your doctor or pharmacist before taking any of the following medications, which are known to interact with SKELAXIN:

  • Allergy medicines, such as the antihistamines diphenhydramine (Benadryl), cetirizine (Zyrtec), fexofenadine (Allegra), or others
  • Anxiety medications, including alprazolam (Xanax), lorazepam, diazepam (Valium), and others
  • Seizure, convulsion, or epilepsy medicines
  • Any sleep medicines
  • Other muscle relaxants, such as carisoprodol (Soma) or cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)
  • Pain relievers that act through your nervous system, such as hydrocodone-containing products (like Lortab or Vicodon), morphine (Avinza), codeine-containing drugs (such as Tylenol #3), or others
  • Medications that treat anxiety, depression, or other psychological states

SKELAXIN and Alcohol

You should not consume alcohol or use any medication that dulls the nervous system while taking SKELAXIN, because it can be dangerous and make the effects of SKELAXIN too strong.

The FDA has a special warning against drinking alcohol while taking SKELAXIN — alcohol can increase the effects of the medicine, and it has contributed to deaths in overdose cases.

SKELAXIN and Grapefruit Juice

SKELAXIN is broken down by the liver, but its exact process is unknown.

Therefore, is it not clear if grapefruit juice affects how SKELAXIN works. To be on the safe side, avoid or limit your intake of grapefruit juice while taking the medicine.

SKELAXIN and Other Interactions

Ask your pharmacist about the ingredients of cough and cold medicines before using them while you are taking SKELAXIN.

Some cough and cold drugs contain antihistamines or cause drowsiness, and should be taken with caution (or not at all) while you are on SKELAXIN.

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Selzentry (Maraviroc)

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Selzentry

Maraviroc

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Selzentry

Maraviroc

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Selzentry

Maraviroc

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Maraviroc (Generic)

Maraviroc

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Selzentry (Maraviroc) Dosage and Side Effects

Selzentry (maraviroc) is an antiviral medicine that prevents certain viral cells from multiplying in your body.

Selzentry is used with other medications to treat CCR5-tropic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1. HIV causes the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Selzentry is for use in adults and children who are at least 2 years old.  Maraviroc is not a cure for HIV or AIDS.

Proper Use of this medication

Take Selzentry exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Follow all directions on your prescription label. Do not take this medicine in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended.

Before you are treated with Selzentry, your doctor may perform a blood test to make sure this medicine is the right treatment for your type of HIV.

Selzentry must be given in combination with other antiviral medications and it should not be used alone.

You may take this medicine with or without food.

Do not crush, chew, or break the Selzentry tablet. Swallow the tablet whole.

Measure liquid medicine with the dosing syringe provided, or with a special dose-measuring spoon or medicine cup. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one.

If a child is using this medicine, tell your doctor if the child has any changes in weight. Maraviroc doses are based on weight in children, and any changes may affect your child's dose.

Use Selzentry regularly to get the most benefit. Get your prescription refilled before you run out of medicine completely.

HIV/AIDS is usually treated with a combination of drugs. Use all medications as directed by your doctor. Read the medication guide or patient instructions provided with each medication. Do not change your doses or medication schedule without your doctor's advice. Every person with HIV or AIDS should remain under the care of a doctor.

Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat.

Selzentry dosing information

Usual Adult Dose for HIV Infection:

With potent CYP450 3A inhibitors (with or without a potent CYP450 3A inducer) including protease inhibitors (except tipranavir/ritonavir), delavirdine, ketoconazole, itraconazole, clarithromycin, other potent CYP450 3A inhibitors (e.g., nefazodone, telithromycin), boceprevir, telaprevir: 150 mg orally twice a day

With other concomitant medications, including tipranavir/ritonavir, nevirapine, raltegravir, all NRTIs, enfuvirtide: 300 mg orally twice a day

With potent CYP450 3A inducers (without a potent CYP450 3A inhibitor) including efavirenz, rifampin, etravirine, carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin: 600 mg orally twice a day

Use: In combination with other antiretroviral agents, for patients infected with only CCR5-tropic HIV-1

What happens if I miss a dose?

Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.

Side Effects

Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction to Selzentry: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.

Selzentry may also cause an allergic reaction with severe liver symptoms. Stop taking this medicine and call your doctor at once if you have new or worsening symptoms of fever, muscle aches, facial swelling, eye redness, an itchy or or blistering skin rash, mouth sores, upper stomach pain, vomiting, loss of appetite, dark urine, or jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes).

Call your doctor at once if you have a side effect such as:

  • a light-headed feeling, like you might pass out;

  • chest pressure, tight feeling in your neck or jaw, sweating, pain spreading to your arm or shoulder; or

  • severe skin reaction - fever, sore throat, swelling in your face or tongue, burning in your eyes, skin pain followed by a red or purple skin rash that spreads (especially in the face or upper body) and causes blistering and peeling.

Selzentry may increase your risk of certain infections or autoimmune disorders by changing the way your immune system works. Symptoms may occur weeks or months after you start treatment. Tell your doctor if you have:

  • Mb>signs of a new infection - fever, night sweats, swollen glands, diarrhea, stomach pain, weight loss;

  • chest pain (especially when you breathe), dry cough, wheezing, feeling short of breath;

  • cold sores, sores on your genital or anal area;

  • rapid heart rate, feeling anxious or irritable, weakness or prickly feeling, problems with balance or eye movement;

  • trouble speaking or swallowing, severe lower back pain, loss of bladder or bowel control; or

  • swelling in your neck or throat (enlarged thyroid), menstrual changes, impotence, loss of interest in sex.

Common Selzentry side effects may include:

  • fever, cold symptoms, cough;

  • dizziness; or

  • indigestion, gas, bloating, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation.

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

Warnings and Precautions

You should not use Selzentry if you are allergic to maraviroc.

If you have severe or end-stage kidney disease, you may not be able to take Selzentry if you use certain medications, including some antibiotics or antifungal medications, some heart or blood pressure medicines, St. John's wort, and certain drugs to treat hepatitis or tuberculosis. Tell your doctor about all other medications you use.

To make sure this medicine is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have:

  • kidney disease (or if you are on dialysis);

  • liver disease, especially hepatitis B or C;

  • heart disease;

  • low blood pressure; or

  • a history of stroke or circulation problems.

This medication is not expected to be harmful to an unborn baby, but HIV can be passed to your baby if you are not properly treated during pregnancy. Take all of your HIV medicines as directed to control your infection. Tell your doctor if you become pregnant during treatment.

If you are pregnant, your name may be listed on a pregnancy registry. This is to track the outcome of the pregnancy and to evaluate any effects of Selzentry on the baby.

Women with HIV or AIDS should not breast-feed a baby. Even if your baby is born without HIV, the virus may be passed to the baby in your breast milk.

Selzentry should not be given to a child who is under 2 years old or who weighs less than 22 pounds (10 kilograms).

Interactions with this medication

Many drugs can interact with maraviroc. Not all possible interactions are listed here. Tell your doctor about all your medications and any you start or stop using during treatment with Selzentry, especially:

  • all of your HIV/AIDS medications;

  • bosentan;

  • imatinib;

  • nefazodone;

  • an antibiotic - clarithromycin, telithromycin;

  • antifungal medicine - itraconazole, ketoconazole, posaconazole, voriconazole;

  • heart medication - nicardipine, quinidine;

  • hepatitis C medicine - boceprevir or telaprevir;

  • seizure medicine - carbamazepine, fosphenytoin, oxcarbazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin, primidone; or

  • tuberculosis medicine - isoniazid, rifabutin, rifampin, rifapentine.

This list is not complete and many other drugs can interact with maraviroc. This includes prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Give a list of all your medicines to any healthcare provider who treats you.

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K-Dur (Potassium Chloride)

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K-Dur (Potassium Chloride) Medication Information

Uses

K-Dur is a potassium supplement used to treat low potassium levels. 

Dosage

The tablets are available in several different strengths:

  • 8 mEq
  • 10 mEq
  • 20 mEq

Side Effects

The most common side effects of K-Dur include:

  • High potassium
  • Constipation
  • Ulcer
  • Gastrointestinal perforation

Speak with your doctor for a full list of side effects that apply to you if you are taking Potassium Chloride.

Precautions

High levels of potassium can cause heart arrhythmias. 

Interactions

The most common drug interactions with K-Dur include:

  • Spironolactone
  • Losartan
  • Lisinopril

Speak with your doctor for more information and before starting a new medication with Potassium Chloride. 

Storage

Do not store above 77 ºF.

Pharmacist Tips

  • K-Dur dose will need to be adjusted for each patients needs
  • Potassium Chloride dose should be spaced out if more than 20 mEq are needed.
  • K-Dur can cause stomach issues as the most common side effect, so it should not be taken on an empty stomach. 

Potassium Chloride FAQs

How long does it take K-Dur to work?

It can take several hours to see an increase in potassium levels. 

 

Can K-Dur be cut in half?

No, K-Dur cannot be cut.

 

Are K-Dur and Klor the same?

Yes, they are both potassium supplements

 

Should K-Dur be taken with food?

Yes, K-Dur should be taken with food to limit stomach upset. 

 

Is K-Dur vitamin K?

No, K-Due is potassium.

Related Drugs

Reference:

K-Dur {package insert}. North Chicago, IL: AbbVie Ltd.; 2013.

https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2014/018279s034lbl.pdf

PharmD Medical Writer

Author: Dr. Larisa Roybal, PharmD

Dr. Roybal is a board-certified pharmacotherapy specialist who has practiced in both ambulatory and acute care settings. Her pharmacy interests include oncology and general inpatient pharmacy.

Slow K (Potassium Chloride)

Author , posted on June 29, 2017

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Slow K (Potassium Chloride) Dosage and Side Effects

Proper Use of this medication

proper use info...

Side Effects

Side Effects info...

Warnings and Precautions

Warning info here....

Interactions with this medication

interactions info....

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Celexa (Citalopram)

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Celexa

Citalopram Hydrobromide

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Celexa (Citalopram) Medication Information

Uses

Celexa (citalopram) is indicated for the treatment of depression.

Dosage

There are oral tablets available in several different strengths:

  • 10 mg
  • 20 mg
  • 40 mg

Side Effects

The most common side effects of Celexa include:

  • Asthenia
  • Nausea
  • Dry mouth
  • Vomiting
  • Dizziness
  • Insomnia
  • Somnolence
  • Agitation

Speak with your doctor or pharmacist for a full list of side effects that applies to you.

Precautions

SSRIs and SNRIs, including Celexa, may increase the risk of bleeding events. Concomitant use of aspirin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, warfarin, and other anticoagulants may add to the risk. Case reports and epidemiological studies (case-control and cohort design) have demonstrated an association between use of drugs that interfere with serotonin reuptake and the occurrence of gastrointestinal bleeding. Bleeding events related to SSRIs and SNRIs use have ranged from ecchymoses, hematomas, epistaxis, and petechiae to life-threatening hemorrhages.

Hyponatremia may occur as a result of treatment with SSRIs and SNRIs, including Celexa. In many cases, this hyponatremia appears to be the result of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH), and was reversible when Celexa was discontinued.

Activation of mania/hypomania has also been reported in a small proportion of patients with major affective disorders treated with other marketed antidepressants. As with all antidepressants, Celexa should be used cautiously in patients with a history of mania.

During marketing of Celexa and other SSRIs and SNRIs (serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors), there have been spontaneous reports of adverse events occurring upon discontinuation of these drugs, particularly when abrupt, including the following: dysphoric mood, irritability, agitation, dizziness, sensory disturbances (e.g., paresthesias such as electric shock sensations), anxiety, confusion, headache, lethargy, emotional lability, insomnia, and hypomania. While these events are generally self-limiting, there have been reports of serious discontinuation symptoms. Patients should be monitored for these symptoms when discontinuing treatment with Celexa. A gradual reduction in the dose rather than abrupt cessation is recommended whenever possible. If intolerable symptoms occur following a decrease in the dose or upon discontinuation of treatment, then resuming the previously prescribed dose may be considered. Subsequently, the physician may continue decreasing the dose but at a more gradual rate.

Interactions

Some of the common drug interactions with Celexa:

  • SNRIs
  • SSRIs
  • Triptans
  • Alcohol
  • MAOIs
  • NSAIDs
  • Cimetidine
  • Digoxin
  • Lithium
  • Warfarin
  • Ketoconazole
  • Carbamazepine 

Speak with your doctor or pharmacist for more information. 

Storage

Store at controlled room temperature (77ºF). 

Pharmacist Tips

  • Celexa and other antidepressant medicines may increase suicidal thoughts or actions in some children, teenagers, or young adults within the first few months of treatment or when the dose is changed.
  • Keep all follow-up visits with your healthcare provider and call between visits if you are worried about symptoms.
  • Do not stop Celexa without first talking to your healthcare provider. Stopping Celexa too quickly may cause serious symptoms.

Citalopram FAQs

Can I take this with food?

Celexa may be taken with or without food.

 

Can I take this if I am pregnant?

There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women; therefore, citalopram should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

 

Can I take this while breastfeeding?

Citalopram is excreted in human breast milk. There have been two reports of infants experiencing excessive somnolence, decreased feeding, and weight loss in association with breastfeeding from a citalopram-treated mother. The decision whether to continue or discontinue either nursing or Celexa therapy should take into account the risks of citalopram exposure for the infant and the benefits of Celexa treatment for the mother.

 

What is Celexa?

Celexa is a prescription medicine used to treat depression.

 

What should I avoid while taking Celexa?

Celexa can cause sleepiness or may affect your ability to make decisions, think clearly, or react quickly. You should not drive, operate heavy machinery, or do other dangerous activities until you know how Celexa affects you. Do not drink alcohol while using Celexa.

 

How should I take Celexa?

Take Celexa exactly as prescribed. Your healthcare provider may need to change the dose of Celexa until it is the right dose for you. If you miss a dose of Celexa, take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and take your next dose at the regular time. Do not take two doses of Celexa at the same time.

 

Related Drugs

Reference:

Celexa {package insert}. St. Louis, MO: Forest Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; 2011.

https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2012/020822s042,021046s019lbl.pdf

PharmD Medical Writer

Author: Dr. Larisa Roybal, PharmD

Dr. Roybal is a board-certified pharmacotherapy specialist who has practiced in both ambulatory and acute care settings. Her pharmacy interests include oncology and general inpatient pharmacy.

Solaraze (Diclofenac Sodium)

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Solaraze Gel

Diclofenac Sodium

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Solaraze (Diclofenac Sodium)

SOLARAZE topical gel is used to treat warty overgrowths of skin (actinic keratoses) on sun-exposed areas of the body. It works by reducing substances in the body that cause pain and inflammation.

Proper Use of this medication

Follow all directions on your prescription label. Do not use this medicine in larger amounts or for longer than recommended. Use the lowest dose that is effective in treating your condition.

Read all patient information, medication guides, and instruction sheets provided to you. Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you have any questions.

Wash your hands after applying this medicine, unless you are treating the skin on your hands. Wait at least 10 minutes before dressing or wearing gloves. Wait at least 1 hour before you bathe or shower.

Do not apply to an open skin wound, or on areas of infection, rash, or burn. Do not cover treated skin with a bandage or expose it to heat from a hot tub, heating pad, or sauna. Heat or bandaging can increase the amount of SOLARAZE you absorb through your skin.

To treat actinic keratosis (with Solaraze): Apply enough gel to cover each lesion and rub in gently. Do not apply Solaraze gel more than 2 times daily and never use more than your prescribed dose.

To treat osteoarthritis knee pain (with Pennsaid): Apply the solution only to clean, dry skin. Spread the solution over the front, back, and sides of the knee. Wait until the solution is completely dry before covering treated skin with clothing or applying any other skin products, including sunscreen.

To treat osteoarthritis pain (with Voltaren Topical): This medicine is supplied with dosing cards that show you how much gel to use for a 2-gram dose or a 4-gram dose. Squeeze the gel onto this card along the line for your dose. Use no more gel than will fit on the length of your dosing line. Wipe the card directly onto the treatment area and rub gently into the skin.

To treat arthritis pain in the foot, spread the gel out onto all areas of the foot including the toes and soles. When treating the hand, spread the gel out onto all areas of the hand including the fingers and palms.

If you use this medicine long-term, you may need frequent medical tests.

Read all patient information, medication guides, and instruction sheets provided to you. Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you have any questions.

Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line.

Use the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not use extra medicine to make up the missed dose.

Side Effects

Although the risk of serious side effects is low when SOLARAZE is applied to the skin, this medicine can be absorbed through the skin, which may cause steroid side effects throughout the body.

Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: sneezing, runny or stuffy nose; wheezing or trouble breathing; hives; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.

Get emergency medical help if you have signs of a heart attack or stroke: chest pain spreading to your jaw or shoulder, sudden numbness or weakness on one side of the body, slurred speech, feeling short of breath.

Stop using this medicine and call your doctor at once if you have:

  • the first sign of any skin rash, no matter how mild;
  • shortness of breath (even with mild exertion);
  • swelling or rapid weight gain;
  • signs of stomach bleeding--bloody or tarry stools, coughing up blood or vomit that looks like coffee grounds;
  • liver problems--nausea, upper stomach pain, itching, tired feeling, flu-like symptoms, loss of appetite, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes);
  • kidney problems--little or no urinating, painful or difficult urination, swelling in your feet or ankles, feeling tired or short of breath;
  • high blood pressure--severe headache, pounding in your neck or ears, nosebleed, anxiety, confusion;
  • low red blood cells (anemia)--pale skin, feeling light-headed or short of breath, rapid heart rate, trouble concentrating; or
  • severe skin reaction--fever, sore throat, swelling in your face or tongue, burning in your eyes, skin pain followed by a red or purple skin rash that spreads (especially in the face or upper body) and causes blistering and peeling.

Common side effects may include:

  • indigestion, gas, stomach pain, nausea, vomiting;
  • diarrhea, constipation;
  • headache, dizziness, drowsiness;
  • stuffy nose;
  • itching, increased sweating;
  • increased blood pressure; or
  • swelling or pain in your arms or legs.

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects.

Warnings and Precautions

SOLARAZE can increase your risk of fatal heart attack or stroke, especially if you use it long term or take high doses, or if you have heart disease. Do not use this medicine just before or after heart bypass surgery (coronary artery bypass graft, or CABG).

SOLARAZE may also cause stomach or intestinal bleeding, which can be fatal. These conditions can occur without warning while you are using SOLARAZE, especially in older adults.

You should not use this medicine if you are allergic to SOLARAZE (Voltaren, Cataflam, Flector, and others), or if you have ever had an asthma attack or severe allergic reaction after taking aspirin or an NSAID.

To make sure SOLARAZE is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have:

  • heart disease, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, or if you smoke;
  • a history of heart attack, stroke, or blood clot;
  • a history of stomach ulcers or bleeding;
  • asthma;
  • liver or kidney disease;
  • fluid retention.

Using SOLARAZE topical during the last 3 months of pregnancy may harm the unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant.

It is not known whether SOLARAZE topical passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. You should not breast-feed while using this medicine.

SOLARAZE topical is not approved for use by anyone younger than 18 years old.

Interactions with this medication

Do not use cosmetics, sunscreen, lotions, insect repellant, or other medicated skin products on the same area you treat with SOLARAZE topical.

Avoid exposing treated skin to heat, sunlight, or tanning beds.

Avoid getting this medicine near your eyes, nose, or mouth. If this does happen, rinse with water. Call your doctor if you have eye irritation that lasts longer than 1 hour.

Avoid drinking alcohol. It may increase your risk of stomach bleeding.

Avoid taking aspirin or other NSAIDs while you are using SOLARAZE topical.

Ask a doctor or pharmacist before using any cold, allergy, or pain medication. Many medicines available over the counter contain aspirin or other medicines similar to SOLARAZE. Taking certain products together can cause you to get too much of this type of medication. Check the label to see if a medicine contains aspirin, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, or naproxen.

Avoid drinking alcohol. It may increase your risk of stomach bleeding.

Avoid taking aspirin or other NSAIDs.

Ask your doctor before using SOLARAZE topical if you take an antidepressant such as citalopram, escitalopram, fluoxetine (Prozac), fluvoxamine, paroxetine, sertraline (Zoloft), trazodone, or vilazodone. Taking any of these medicines with an NSAID may cause you to bruise or bleed easily.

Tell your doctor about all your current medicines and any you start or stop using, especially:

  • cyclosporine;
  • lithium;
  • methotrexate;
  • a blood thinner (warfarin, Coumadin, Jantoven);
  • heart or blood pressure medication, including a diuretic or "water pill"; or
  • steroid medicine (prednisone and others).

This list is not complete. Other drugs may interact with SOLARAZE topical, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible interactions are listed in this medication guide.

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Cefzil (Cefprozil)

Author , posted on June 29, 2017

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Cefprozil (Generic)

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Cefzil (Cefprozil) Dosage and Side Effects

CEFZIL is used to treat many different types of infections caused by bacteria.

Proper Use of this medication

Follow all directions on your prescription label. Do not take this medicine in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended.

Shake the oral suspension (liquid) well just before you measure a dose. Measure liquid medicine with the dosing syringe provided, or with a special dose-measuring spoon or medicine cup. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one.

Do not share this medicine with another person, even if they have the same symptoms you have.

This medicine can cause unusual results with certain lab tests for glucose (sugar) in the urine. Tell any doctor who treats you that you are using CEFZIL.

Use CEFZIL for the full prescribed length of time. Your symptoms may improve before the infection is completely cleared. Skipping doses may also increase your risk of further infection that is resistant to antibiotics. CEFZIL will not treat a viral infection such as the common cold or flu.

Store CEFZIL tablets at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light.

Store CEFZIL oral liquid in the refrigerator. Do not allow it to freeze. Throw away any unused medication that is older than 14 days.

Side Effects

Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.

Call your doctor at once if you have:

•diarrhea that is watery or bloody;

•sudden weakness or ill feeling, cold or flu symptoms, mouth sores, red or swollen gums, pain when swallowing;

•pale or yellowed skin, dark colored urine, confusion or weakness;

•unusual bleeding;

•bruising, severe tingling, numbness, pain, muscle weakness;

•seizure (convulsions); or

•severe skin reaction--fever, sore throat, swelling in your face or tongue, burning in your eyes, skin pain, followed by a red or purple skin rash that spreads (especially in the face or upper body) and causes blistering and peeling.

Common side effects may include:

•mild diarrhea;

•nausea, vomiting, stomach pain; or

•vaginal itching or discharge.

Warnings and Precautions

You should not use CEFZIL if you are allergic to any cephalosporin antibiotic (cefdinir, CEFZIL, cefuroxime, cephalexin, and others).

You should not use this medicine if you are allergic to CEFZIL or to other cephalosporin antibiotics, such as:

•cefaclor (Raniclor);

•cefadroxil (Duricef);

•cefazolin (Ancef);

•cefdinir (Omnicef);

•cefditoren (Spectracef);

•cefpodoxime (Vantin);

•ceftibuten (Cedax);

•cefuroxime (Ceftin);

•cephalexin (Keflex); or

•cephradine (Velosef).

To make sure CEFZIL is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have:

•kidney disease;

•a history of intestinal problems, such as colitis; or

•if you are allergic to penicillin or other medicines.

FDA pregnancy category B. This medicine is not expected to be harmful to an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant during treatment.

CEFZIL can pass into breast milk and may harm a nursing baby. Tell your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.

The CEFZIL suspension (liquid) may contain phenylalanine. Talk to your doctor before using this form of CEFZIL if you have phenylketonuria (PKU).

Interactions with this medication

Antibiotic medicines can cause diarrhea, which may be a sign of a new infection. If you have diarrhea that is watery or bloody, stop taking CEFZIL and call your doctor. Do not use anti-diarrhea medicine unless your doctor tells you to.

Other drugs may interact with CEFZIL, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Tell each of your health care providers about all medicines you use now and any medicine you start or stop using.

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Ceftin (Cefuroxime)

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Ceftin (Cefuroxime) Dosage and Side Effects

CEFTIN is used to kill the bacteria or “germs” which cause infections.

Proper Use of this medication

Usual dose:

The usual length of treatment is 7-10 days, although your doctor may adjust the prescription to suit your treatment. During the course of treatment, all the tablets or oral suspension must be taken to make sure that all germs have been killed. CONTINUE TAKING THE TABLETS OR SUSPENSION UNTIL FINISHED, EVEN IF YOU BEGIN TO FEEL BETTER.

YOU SHOULD NOT INCREASE OR DECREASE THE PRESCRIBED DOSE UNLESS ADVISED BY YOUR DOCTOR.

Take CEFTIN Tablets or CEFTIN for Oral Suspension with food. This will help to make the treatment more effective.

Tablets:

You must take the medicine as prescribed by your doctor. If you are not sure how many tablets to take, or how often to take them, consult your doctor or pharmacist.

The usual dose for adults is one 250 mg tablet twice a day.

CEFTIN has a bitter taste, therefore, do not chew or crush the tablets but swallow each one whole with a drink of water.

Suspension:

The dose depends on the weight of the child. Your doctor or pharmacist will tell you exactly how many teaspoonful or 5 mL measures your child must take.

Bottles: Before removing the cap, you must shake the bottle very well until the medicine can be heard moving in the bottle to make sure you get out the right dose. Replace cap securely after each opening. During treatment, you should use a 5 mL spoon to take the medicine exactly as prescribed, taking care not to overfill the spoon. If desired, the dose may be added to one of the following cold beverages immediately prior to administration: milk (i.e. skim, 2% or homogenized), fruit juice (i.e. apple, orange, or grape) or lemonade.

Do not mix CEFTIN for Oral Suspension with hot beverages before drinking.

Overdose:

It is important to follow the dosage instructions on the label of your medicine. Taking more than this dose is unlikely to be dangerous unless a large quantity of tablets or suspension is taken all at once. In this case, contact your doctor or nearest hospital emergency department immediately.

Missed dose:

If you forget to take a dose, take another as soon as possible. Then continue with the normal dose. Do not double doses.

Side Effects

If you experience wheeziness and tightness of chest, swelling of eyelids, face or lips, or develop skin lumps or hives, or a skin rash (red spots), tell your doctor immediately. Do not take any more medicine unless your doctor tells you to do so. Your doctor may decide to stop your treatment.

You may experience diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, loose stools, abdominal pain, headache, dizziness, diaper rash, drowsiness, inflammation of the vagina or symptoms that you do not understand. There is no need to stop taking your tablets or suspension, but you should tell your doctor of any of these symptoms as soon as possible.

If you experience symptoms such as severe diarrhea (bloody or watery) with or without fever, abdominal pain, or tenderness, you may have Clostridium difficile colitis (bowel inflammation). If this occurs, stop taking CEFTIN and contact your doctor immediately.

Other side effects include seizure and kidney problems. CEFTIN may also cause an increase in a type of white blood cell (eosinophilia), a decrease in the number of white blood cells (leukopenia), decrease in number of blood platelets (cells that help blood to clot) called thrombocytopenia or an increase in some substances (enzymes) produced by the liver. If you are taking a blood test, you should tell your doctor that you are taking CEFTIN, as it may affect your result.

On rare occasions, medicines like CEFTIN can cause an overgrowth of yeast (Candida) in the body which can lead to fungal infections (such as thrush). This side effect is more likely if you take CEFTIN for a long time. Tell your doctor as soon as possible if you think you have a fungal infection. Your doctor may need to stop your treatment.

Very rarely, CEFTIN may cause severe skin reactions, such as skin rash, which may blister, and looks like small targets (central dark spots surrounded by a paler area, with a dark ring around the edge) known as erythema multiforme, and widespread rash with blisters and skin peeling on much of the body surface (toxic epidermal necrolysis), particularly around the mouth, nose, eyes and genitals (Stevens-Johnson syndrome). If these severe skin reactions occur, stop taking CEFTIN and contact your doctor immediately.

Very rarely, CEFTIN may cause effects such as:

  • a high temperature (fever)

  • yellowing of the whites of the eyes or skin (jaundice)

  • inflammation of the liver (hepatitis) with symptoms such as abdominal pain, vomiting, nausea and jaundice, and

  • a faster breakdown of red blood cells leading to a form of anemia (hemolytic anemia) with symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath and looking pale

If these symptoms occur or persist, contact your doctor.

If you feel worse or you have taken all the tablets or all the suspension and do not feel better TELL YOUR DOCTOR AS SOON AS POSSIBLE.

Warnings and Precautions

BEFORE you use CEFTIN talk to your doctor or pharmacist if:

  • you are allergic to or react badly to penicillins or other antibiotics.

  • you have kidney problems, as your doctor may reduce your dose.

  • you are having a urine test for sugar. False positive reactions may occur if using methods dependent on copper reduction such as Fehling's or Benedict's solution or with Clinitest Tablets. For this reason enzyme-based tests such as Tes-Tape or Clinistix should be used.

  • you have phenylketonuria. Do not use CEFTIN Suspension because it contains aspartame, a source of phenylalanine.

  • you are diabetic. CEFTIN Suspension contains sugar (about 3 g/5 mL).

  • you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant.

  • you are breastfeeding or planning to breastfeed. Cefuroxime is excreted in human breast milk. Discuss breastfeeding with your doctor.

  • you are taking other medicines. Tell your doctor or pharmacist about all the medicines you are taking, including non-prescription drugs and natural health products.

As this medication may cause dizziness, do not drive or operate machinery if you are feeling dizzy.

Talk to your doctor if the following occurs while taking CEFTIN:

  • you develop hemolytic anemia (breakdown of red blood cells) with symptoms such as pale skin, weakness, tiredness, shortness of breath, yellowing of your skin and/or the whites of your eyes.

Interactions with this medication

Drugs that may interact with CEFTIN include:

  • Medicines used to reduce the amount of acid in your stomach (e.g. antacids used to treat heartburn) can affect how CEFTIN works.

  • Medicines that promote the production of urine (such as furosemide and ethacrynic acid) may increase the risk of kidney problems when taken while being treated with CEFTIN.

  • CEFTIN may reduce how well the contraceptive pill works. If you are taking the contraceptive pill while you are being treated with CEFTIN, you also need to use a barrier method of contraception (such as condoms). Ask your doctor for advice.

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Solian (Amisulpride)

Author , posted on June 29, 2017

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Solian (Amisulpride) Dosage and Side Effects

Solian contains a medicine called amisulpride. This belongs to a group of medicines called ‘anti-psychotics’. It is used to treat an illness called schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia can make you feel, see or hear things which do not exist, have strange and frightening thoughts, change how you act, and make you feel alone. Sometimes people with these symptoms may also feel tense, anxious or depressed. Solian works by improving disturbed thoughts, feelings and behaviour. It is used to treat schizophrenia when it starts and also over the long term.

Proper Use of this medication

Always take Solian exactly as your doctor has told you. You should check with your doctor or pharmacist if you are not sure.

Taking this medicine

  • Take this medicine by mouth
  • Swallow the tablets whole with a drink of water. Do not chew your tablets
  • Take before a meal
  • If you feel the effect of your medicine is too weak or too strong, do not change the dose yourself, but ask your doctor

How much to take

The amount of Solian you take will depend on your illness. Follow your doctor’s instructions carefully.

Adults

  • The usual dose is between 50mg and 800mg each day
  • Your doctor may start you on a lower dose if necessary
  • If necessary your doctor can prescribe up to 1200mg each day
  • Doses up to 300mg each day can be taken as a single dose. Take the dose at the same time each day
  • Doses above 300mg should be taken as half in the morning and half in the evening

Elderly

  • Your doctor will need to keep a close check on you as you are more likely to have low blood pressure or sleepiness due to this medicine

People with kidney problems

  • Your doctor may need to give you a lower dose

Chidren under 18 years of age

Solian should not be given to children under 18 years of age

If you take more Solian than you should

If you take more tablets than you should, tell a doctor or go to a hospital casualty department straight away. Take the medicine pack with you. This is so the doctor knows what you have taken. The following effects may happen: feeling restless or shaky, rigid muscles, feeling drowsy or sleepy which could lead to a loss of consciousness.

If you forget to take Solian

If you forget a dose, take it as soon as you remember it. However, if it is nearly time for the next dose, skip the missed dose. Do not take a double dose to make up for a forgotten dose.

If you stop taking Solian

Keep taking Solian until your doctor tells you to stop. Do not stop taking Solian just because you feel better. If you stop, your illness may get worse or come back. Unless your doctor tells you otherwise, Solian should not be stopped suddenly.

Stopping treatment suddenly may cause withdrawal effects such as:

  • Feeling or being sick
  • Sweating
  • Difficulty sleeping or feeling very restless
  • Muscle stiffness or unusual body movements
  • Your original condition may come back

Side Effects

ery Common (affects more than 1 in 10 people)

  • Trembling, muscle stiffness or spasm, slow movement, producing more saliva than usual or feeling restless.

Common (affects less than 1 in 10 people)

  • Movements that you cannot control, mainly of the arms and legs

(These symptoms can be reduced if your doctor lowers your dose of Solian or prescribes an additional medicine)

Uncommon (affects less than 1 in 100 people)

  • Movements that you cannot control, mainly of the face or tongue

Other side effects include:

Common (affects less than 1 in 10 people)

  • Difficulty sleeping (insomnia) or feeling anxious or agitated
  • Feeling drowsy or sleepy
  • Constipation, feeling or being sick, dry mouth
  • Putting on weight
  • Unusual production of breast milk in women and men, breast pain
  • Menstrual period stops
  • Breast enlargement in men
  • Difficulty in getting or maintaining an erection, or in ejaculating
  • Feeling dizzy (which can be due to low blood pressure)

Uncommon (affects less than 1 in 100 people)

  • Slowing of the heart beat
  • High blood sugar (hyperglycaemia)

Not known (frequency cannot be estimated from the available data)

  • Feeling confused
  • High levels of fat (triglycerides) or cholesterol in the blood
  • Blurred vision
  • Tired, weak, confused, have muscles that ache, are still or do not work well. This may be due to low sodium levels in your blood
  • Feeling unwell, confused or weak, feeling sick (nausea), loss of appetite, feeling irritable. This could be an illness called syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH)
  • Noncancerous benign tumour (such as prolactinoma)
  • A condition called 'osteoporosis'. This is when your bones are more likely to break
  • Nasal congestion

Warnings and Precautions

Do not take this medicine and tell your doctor if:

  • You are allergic (hypersensitive) to amisulpride or any of the other ingredients of Solian (listed in Section 6)
    Signs of an allergic reaction include: a rash, swallowing or breathing problems, swelling of your lips, face, throat or tongue
  • You are pregnant, might become pregnant or are breast-feeding (see ‘Pregnancy and breast-feeding’ section)
  • You have breast cancer or something called ‘a prolactin dependent tumour’
  • You have a tumour on the adrenal gland (called phaeochromocytoma)
  • You are taking levodopa, a medicine to treat Parkinson’s disease (see ‘Taking other medicines’ section)
  • You have been diagnosed with a pituitary tumour
  • The patient is under 18 years old

Do not take this medicine if any of the above apply to you. If you are not sure, talk to your doctor or pharmacist before taking Solian.

Take special care with Solian

Check with your doctor or pharmacist before taking your medicine if:

  • You have kidney problems
  • You have Parkinson’s disease
  • You have ever had fits (epileptic seizures)
  • You have an unusual heart rate (rhythm)
  • You have heart disease or family history of heart problems
  • Your doctor has told you that you might have a stroke
  • If you or someone else in your family has a history of blood clots, as medicines like these have been associated with formation of blood clots
  • You are diabetic or have been told you have an increased risk of having diabetes
  • You have a slow heart beat (less than 55 beats per minute)
  • You have been told you have a low amount of potassium in your blood.
  • You are elderly. This is because elderly people would be more likely to get low blood pressure or feel sleepy. A small increase in the number of deaths of elderly people with dementia has been reported for patients taking antipsychotics compared to those not receiving antipsychotics.
  • You have a low number of white blood cells (agranulocytosis). This means you may get infections more easily than usual
  • You have frequent infections such as fever, severe chills, sore throat or mouth ulcers. These could be signs of a blood problem called ‘leukopenia’
  • You or someone else in your family has a history of breast cancer
  • You have high levels of prolactin

If you are not sure if any of the above apply to you, talk to your doctor or pharmacist before taking Solian.

Interactions with this medication

Please tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking or have recently taken any other medicines. This includes medicines you buy without a prescription, including herbal medicines. This is because Solian can affect the way some other medicines work. Also some medicines can affect the way Solian works.

In particular, do not take this medicine, and tell your doctor if you are taking any of the following medicines;

  • Levodopa, a medicine to treat Parkinson’s disease
  • Drugs called 'dopamine agonists' such as ropinirole and bromocriptine

Tell your doctor if you are taking any of the following medicines;

  • Medicines used to control your heart beat such as quinidine, disopyramide, amiodarone and sotalol
  • Other anti-psychotic medicines used for mental problems
  • Medicines for severe pain called opiates such as morphine or pethidine
  • Medicines for high blood pressure and heart problems such as diltiazem, verapamil, guanfacine and digitalis
  • Clonidine used for migraines, flushing or high blood pressure
  • Mefloquine used to treat malaria
  • Medicines which help you sleep such as barbiturates and benzodiazepines
  • Pain-killers such as tramadol and indometacin
  • Anaesthetics
  • Antihistamines such as promethazine which make you sleepy

If you are not sure if any of the above apply to you, talk to your doctor or pharmacist before taking Solian.

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